Plant Immunity to Insect Herbivores. Also known as creeping phlox, this plant offers a stunning sweep of bright color over your flowerbed. If buds ever are left in jars while they feel wet on the outside, they are much more likely to getmold! Plants manufacture slightly different forms of GLVs depending on what's happening to them, said Ian Baldwin, a plant ecologist and founding director of the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology in Jena, Germany. Some growers like to use mesh racks for the drying process. How Did Continental Drift Affect Life On Earth Today? It smells like freshly-cut grass. You shouldn't need humidipaks when first jarring or youre drying too far. 2. You are smelling a mixture of oxygenated hydrocarbons that include methanol, ethanol, acetaldehyde and acetone, called green leaf volatiles (GLV). The smell of cut grass in recent years has been identified as the plant's way of signalling distress, but new research says the aroma also summons beneficial insects to the rescue. Mowing is a technique often used to manipulate grassland habitats in ecological research; it has recently been advocated as a conservation management tool for wintering bird populations. It's the smell of chemical defenses and first aid. Science. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. For instance, Baldwin and Allmann discovered that predatory Geocoris bugs are attracted to the GLVs released by plants chewed on by a pest called the tobacco hornworm. Why do I keep smelling fresh cut grass? If you ever notice that buds feel moist orwet, you should leave jars open for 20 minutes to an hour(or until the outsides of the buds feel dry to the touch). Remember how we had to trim the buds earlier? Why Is Friday The 13th Considered Unlucky? What causes seeds in buds while growing cannabis? Heres how it works. Drying is finished when small stems start to snap instead of bend. The most common way to harvest cannabis is: cut down branches, trimoffunwanted leaves, thenhangbranches upside down in a ventilated area. 'Building blocks of life' recovered from asteroid Ryugu are older than the solar system itself, Ancient Roman 'spike defenses' made famous by Julius Caesar found in Germany, Unknown lineage of ice age Europeans discovered in genetic study, Watch footage of 1,000 baleen whales in record-breaking feeding frenzy in Antarctica, 'Runaway' black hole the size of 20 million suns found speeding through space with a trail of newborn stars behind it. Once it is cured and ready to smoke it tastes good, burns good, and has a nice high but SMELLS LIKE FRESH CUT GRASS!! As humans, our complex cultures may have further tweaked our noses for mows in recent centuries when the well-tended patch of lawn subtly grew into astatus symbolof wealth and success. I had the grass smell on some outdoor before. Read the complete article with step-by-step instructions on how to dry/cure your buds here: https://www.growweedeasy.com/how-to-cure-buds. Thankfully, they'll all miss. The lower level of grass allows their beaks to reach the soil easier, so they can dig for worms. Among the GLVs released by damaged grass are a group of eight related oxygenated hydrocarbons, including aldehydes and alcohols, that cause the green odor.. You should also check buds (by opening all the jars) a few times a day when buds have recently seemed moist. Probably wouldn & # x27 ; t need to hire a plumber organic compounds called leaf. Is it safe to order cannabis seeds online? Normal poo on Day 2. Upamanyu has a Bachelors in Business Administartion (Marketing) degree from Mumbai University (India). Phantosmia can also result from COVID-19 infection. Curing increases the perceived potency of your buds. Some companies add it as an artificial flavoring in food products to create a rich and earthy flavor. The wasps swoop in and lay eggs inside the caterpillar, which is a terrible thing for the caterpillar, but a great thing for the grass. Plants have evolved many creative ways to defend themselves, only some of which involve sending out distress signals. 1st Level Curing: Put buds in quart-sized glass mason jars for at least 2 weeks. Buds actually produce stronger effects! 4 weeks of curing is a great goal. Will be vulnerable, so fill with Bondo, sand, double prime and paint. 1. Just about all fresh vegetables have some GLV bouquet to them, Baldwin told Live Science, including fruits that may emit volatiles when their molecules break down during ripening. This excess energy builds up as heat if the fermentation proceeds fast enough with the extra insulation provided by the grass clippings. Note:Read the full article with step-by-step instructions on how to dry/cure your cannabis buds here. Associates Program, affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means If you smell gas, make sure that . It just goes to show that everything has its uses. Answer (1 of 10): OF COURSE I CAN! This myth may have started because buds that have actually turned brown(not just muted green or purple)usually have been harvested at the wrong time,overdried and/or not stored properly. You'll also find rainfall will help ensure your artificial grass stays smelling fresh and clean. When it comes to the nature of nature, weve accepted an awful lot as being just the way things are. And in fact, theyre nothing of the sort, he writes. The paper actually sucks the inner moisture out where the jar traps it n evens it out. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. But, its very rare to smell something when its cut; for example, we dont smell anything when we cut our nails or when we trim the branches of a tree. In fact, it almost makes it worth mowing the grass every week almost. Unfortunately for the plant, this creates wounds, damaging the plants cells and exposing it to disease. What is fertigation and is it good for cannabis plants? That being said, I highly recommend trimming your buds while still on their stems, then hanging them upside down if possible. Open jars at least once a day for a minute or two. Roll me up and lay me down. As seen in Forbes, CNBC and USA Today, LawnStarter makes it easy to schedule service with a local lawn care professional. What Is The Evolutionary Purpose Of Boredom? The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. In the days/weeks/months before a person is dying, the energetic body of the person is coming apart from the physical body. It will hold moisture longer. If you've overdried you buds, just continue the curing process as normal for the first few weeks to achieve thebest results. The smell is a mixture of oxygenated hydrocarbons called green leaf volatiles (GLV). In my experience, buds will continue to improve from additional curing for about 6 months. Sweet vernal grass is a perennial plant that grows well in acidic soils. They're selling really well. You guessed it the near-holocaustic trimming of its blades prompts your grass to explode with a hundred-fold emission of GLVs. It is these fragments that lead to the cut grass smell. "Why, it DOES smell like fresh cut grass!" COMMENTS: I used this in melt & pour soaps with embedded springtime-themed images, such as flower gardens and vintage clip art. These combine to provide an overall sensation of taste/smell for everything we encounter. Cool low humidity air but too low humidity will dry too fast. Smelling Mrs. Meyer's Clean Day Fresh Cut Grass scent is a fine reward for a summer chore. Dont worry, you can still use the extra leaves or trim to make hash or edibles (like Canna Caps,Cannabis Extract Oilor Dry Ice Hash). But what are we really smelling when we inhale that fresh-cut grass scent? As the NHS advise, it is likely the condition will go with time, but be vigilant and keep tabs on it. Its important to leave just the right amount of moisture before taking buds down. Its the smell of chemical defenses and first aid. The wound hormone jasmonate. When the plants are injured, whether through animals grazing on them, you cutting or mowing them, or even just unintentionally rough handling, these emissions increase like crazy. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. Future US, Inc. Full 7th Floor, 130 West 42nd Street, The grasses release smelly volatile molecules that indicate something is harming the plant. Also Read: Why Does The Smell Of Some Food Linger On The Skin? Drying your cannabis buds slowly is a part of achieving the best cure. Some of these chemicals are acetone, formaldehyde and methanol, which constitute almost 60% of emissions when grass is cut. Amazon and the Amazon logo are trademarks of Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. The good news about this is that the grubs and insects will actually do more damage to your lawn than the birds will, and the birds are helping you control the population. Strange enough he died on the same date (February 27th) as this posting. Keep your why do i keep smelling fresh cut grass space smelling nice and fresh WebMD /a > Mowing defined! Can Plants Hear, Smell, See, Touch Or Taste Stuff? If you dry the buds too quickly, or too much, it can actually halt the whole curing process so you don't get as much benefits orimprovement from jarring your buds. Weed is the same way. I recommend trimming leaves immediately after harvest (before drying) unless you need to leave them on to help buds dry slowly,for example if you live in a very dry area. Then, spray your yard with water using a garden hose. Now in curing the space between the buds and the lid of the jar is important. Alright so this is my second grow so I don't remeber exactly how the smell of my first went. Curing for 2-4 weeks will reduce "harshness," the fresh-cut-grass smell of newly dried buds, as well as help prevent headaches and anxious effects. For most growers, harvesting plants means cutting stems with buds on them away from the main plant. The breakdown splits the molecule into fragments which tend to contain either 12 or 6 carbon atoms. Immerse the cage components in the water. Racks are also useful for those who have huge harvests because it is easier/faster to trim buds when theyve been separated from the stems. GLVs are small enough to take to the air and float into our nostrils. 1.5K votes, 126 comments. It's the smell of chemical defenses and first aid. Grasses arent the only plants that use smell as a warning signal. Heres a sniff of that famous lyric: The new-mown hay sends all its fragrance The fresh-cut grass smell is unique in that it instills a sense of peace and harmony with nature; we feel a few moments of nostalgia, an experience known to be enhanced by the luscious petrichor of rain. Is The African Continent Splitting In Two? The fresh, "green" scent of a just-mowed lawn is the lawn trying to save itself from the injury you just inflicted. Some of the smelly chemicals are hormones that instigate the plants healing processes. It's the smell of chemical defenses and first aid. buy a product on Amazon from a link on here, we get a small percentage of its He is fascinated by the power of digital media, and is always trying to learn the tricks of the trade. Mold, Mildew, and Dust. It might take several rotations to get where the buds will be safe (dried enough to) be placed in longer term storage. Your dad mowing the lawn isnt too different from a caterpillar chomping down on the grass, at least from the perspective of the grass. Chemical Compound Herb & Spice Labels Back on Sale! These chemicals, produced by various special cells, control the plants defense strategies, its growth, when the plant goes into bloom, and other important physiological activities. Can I still harvest her buds? Yet muted greens and purples donot mean the bud has lost any potency. Being horizontal (as buds will be on a mesh rack) also seems to make buds dry more quickly. Wedged into that volatile post-mow response in grass are eight related oxygenated hydrocarbons. 96yo lady senior on non-meat diet. or are they fine? You see, both our love of the fresh-cut lawn smell and the possibly existential motives of our sweet lawn for emitting it continue to baffle scientists. You may think mowing the lawn is an annoying, menial task, but the fresh scent the chore yields may be making you happier. The aroma may also prevent mental decline as you grow older. Dragonsflame "Dude Your Drooling" under Lumatek Zeus Pro 600w lighting. Something went wrong, please try again later. As humans, scientists suspect we are subconsciously drawn to the pungent, slightly acetous scent of new-mowed lawns because, while we dontconsume grasslike other species, the sweet smell from the GLV mix that our lawns release when mowed may remind us of plants we do enjoy eating or drinking. Aim for 7-14 days of drying to allow the buds to lose chlorophyll without losing the terpenes that give the buds their natural weed . Too little space and there is too much of the C02 the plant is trying to release cause of ammonia smells and tastes not smokeable. For over 10 years, TurFresh has been working in the artificial grass care and cleaning industry to give homeowners a beautiful artificial grass system again. This compound is known as leaf aldehyde, and has a higher odour threshold. This will help dry out the buds so they never feel moist on the outside while inside the jars. Then put in jars then they going to get wet to the touch leave jars open for some time till the out side feels dry then re lid it, I meant to say the stems snap when I bent them but I get ya. Trauma, thats what. Or by navigating to the user icon in the top right. Some of the external stimuli that are harmful to a plants well-being are dealt with in various interesting ways. We like the smell because we have come to associate it with summer and weekends. While drying and curing are usually thought of as two separate events, the "curing" process actually starts as soon as you cut your buds fromyour plants. The one in a sealed bag will decompose faster than the one in the open because ammonia and gasses released during decomposition build up and aren't released and speed up the process. Leafy plants release a number of volatile organic compounds called green leaf volatiles (GLVs). You can always sample buds along the way to see for yourself how big a difference it makes. How Long It Takes For A Chloroform To Make A Person Unconscious? Home; Our Story; Services Detailed Breakdown of the Dry/Cure Process. During drying, make sure you arrange your buds so that there is always some amount of air between buds that feel wet on the outside. The fresh, "green" scent of a just-mowed lawn is the lawn trying to save itself from the injury you just inflicted. Baldwinhas found that this effect, called bunkering, can start within mere minutes of the attack on the first plant. Unlike humans, plants cant scream, grab their wound and flee, but how they respond is often equally effective and in the case of grass lawns, fragrant as well. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. You don't want brown buds. In grasses, the aldehyde Cis-3-hexenal contributes significantly to the grassy smell. Heres what drying and curing cannabis will do for you, Dramatically improves taste of buds after harvest, Gets rid of the unpleasantfresh hay or cut grass smell which is common on newly harvested buds, Brings out the subtle flavors and unique smell of your cannabis strain, Reduces harshness in buds; youre less likely to start coughing or get a headache, Buds that are dried/cured properly are less likely to cause anxiety, racing thoughts, or paranoia, Increases storage time; you can store properly dried/cured buds for years and buds will retain a lot of their original potency, Reduce the chance of mold growing on your buds. It can also be caused by aging, trauma, temporal lobe seizures, inflamed sinuses, brain tumors, certain medications and Parkinson's disease. When deciding when to pull buds down during the drying process, it's better to err on the side of leaving buds too wet than too dry. It doesn't help the curing process, can negatively affect bud flavor, and may even cause mold. We also may change the frequency you receive our emails from us in order to keep you up to date and give you the best relevant information possible. By the river holding hands Cutting grass obviously causes damage to the plant, so it screams in pain, but it does in smell. 6 May 09. dried too fast.. i'd say leave all your fan leaves on there and trim the big fan leaves off after 48hours of hang dry.. then after another day i usually start trimming the mediums and leaving the smalls and sugar leaves, unless it feels dry on the outside you want to keep some moisture in it, always finish the trim when it feels somewhat dry to . Over-cured buds will tend to make you feel sleepy. The fresh, green scent of a just-mowed lawn is the lawn trying to save itself from the injury you just inflicted. Confounded by the cavalcade of smell and taste problems, scientists around the world are paying unusual attention . It will make your buds smoother and can actually increase the perceived potency compared to newly dried buds. Perhaps could be made with scroll saw and router. So I harvest, dry rack the bud for 6 days in 45% humidity. I always dry entire branches old school hang dry. Here are 10 things that could be causing some unexplained smells in your house, from the expected to the absolutely surprisingand what you can do about them. Neverlet budstouch each other while drying! There is some evidence that plants . Stress. CannaGrannys Corner a Thread for General BS and Good Will. arbutus tree spiritual meaning; lenovo legion 5 battery upgrade; why do i keep smelling fresh cut grass. 1st Level Curing:Put buds in quart-sized glass mason jars for at least 2 weeks. There are tiny microbes floating around everywhere . Whendo I harvest? Leafy plants release a . Harvest:Harvest cannabis when the white hairs have darkened and curledin. Everything freshly prepared and very clean: 2 bananas and 1 small cup of milk tea for breakfast. Theres more behind the smell of freshly cut grass other than it is a pleasant aroma to most people. The cut grass might contain grass seeds that they can eat. Follow this blog to stay up to date with what you need to keep your lawn in tip-top shape year-round. This is why its important to properly cure by time, humidity and venting your jars. This is very similar to what happens in animal hormone systems! Use your nose to determine which oneit could be the drain of a toilet, sink, tub or shower. When the grass is mechanically damaged, by a lawnmower or otherwise, it triggers enzymes in the grass to start breaking down . Can the smell of fresh cut grass make you sick? This is actually what you want because it means that enough water was retained during the drying process for a great cure! The little wasp babies will feed off the caterpillar from the inside, making the caterpillar sick, meaning that it wont eat any more of the grass. Flushing Cannabis Before Harvest (for Smoother Buds), 5 Best LED Grow Lights 2023 (Cannabis Yields, Speed, & Bud Quality). Something important to take into consideration when drying and curing is that the plant is still alive. These compounds are precursors to ozone formation, according to Australian researchers, and can contribute to the formation of photochemical smog in urban areas. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. The emissions increase markedly when grass is cut, and it is the production of compounds containing six carbons, and oxygen, that causes the fresh-cut grass smell. Alls fair in love and war and nature, apparently. How to Grow Different Cannabis Strains Together. The sugars in plant cells are mostly in the form of cellulose and . In his latest, The Eight Master Lessons of Nature, he suggests that mankind faces enormous risks bynotheeding its natural conversation with all other living things. If you dry a plant in less than 7 days to snap point it's likely to have that grass smell. If you have an allergy to grass, youre most likely allergic to grass pollen. Ill just air them out for a bit, thank bro. Many people love the smell of fresh cut grass. Dont get larger or smaller sized jars. The scent of grass is often considered a powerful symbol of summer and the great outdoors. Open the jars and notice that the buds are a bit damp again and have that cut grass smell. Phytochemistry. The second in the Aroma Chemistry series, this graphic examines the smell of fresh-cut [], [] If you arent yet familiar with Andys really cool graphics and want to know where to start to get your feet wet, I would recommend checking out the infographics describing the Scent of the Sea, the Aroma of Chrismas Treesand the Aroma of Fresh Cut Grass. Why Does Asparagus Make Your Pee Smell Funny? It's also important not to completelyfill up your jars with bud; try to leave at least 1.5 2" of air space at the top of your jars. Cannabis Grow Guide: How to Keep Electricity Costs Down, 3-Step Guide: Choose Best Cannabis Grow Light. Baking Soda As a Bathroom Deodorizer. Using a brush or stiff sponge, scrub the components. 8. Here's how to watch. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Buds seem to get "smoother" after a long cure. two days in. Fermentation of the sugars in grasses gives off energy even in excess of the energy that can be captured by the growing organisms. So, here I go again on my own: Freshly cut grass smells like the color green, and as some down here have described: hay, and warmer weather, like summe. However, these arent the real contributors to the grassy smell. Annual Reviews. We shape and are thoroughly shaped by the vast array of life-forms and processes with which we share this planet.. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Another common theory about your dog's eating habits is that dogs like the smell of grass and think it will taste the same. I've heard of people sticking a piece of potato or other things like that to try to get more moisture to the buds. - MichNews /a > can grass cut your skin or communicate with other dogs up the soil apply. 2 weeks of curing is generally considered the minimum amount of time for acceptable curing. This is oft-mentioned when discussions of favourite smells come up, so what are the chemical compounds behind it? It has exactly that feeling of grass and sun getting a little shaky and going slightly over the edge into thundery weather. NY 10036. 600W MH/HPS Cannabis Grow Setup & Tutorial, Fix Your Limiting Factor to Improve Yields, How Many Cannabis Plants Should I Grow? Make sure it is to scale. How I long for my Indiana home, Pop singerJim Naborsand country giantChet Atkinshelped further weave that new-mown hay into Western musical culture. In other words, by the time you mow from one end of the lawn to the other, the grass on the far side might smell . Cover Crops & Companion Plants for Growing Weed: Good or Bad Idea? Method Liquid Laundry Detergent Ginger Mango. I brush my teeth more often, swish mouthwash compulsively. Curing for 2-4 weeks will reduce harshness, the fresh-cut-grass smell of newly dried buds, as well as help prevent headaches and anxious effects. All rights reserved. They are active against a range of bacteria, so one role they perform may be to protect the plant from bacteria and allow the cut ends to heal. Also known as olfactory hallucinations, there's no saying definitively what a person with phantosmia may smell. The lower levels of grass might reveal other food itemsinsects, etc. That smell offresh-cut grass is really a shriek of despair as your lawn sends out distress signals. Harvesting your cannabis at the right time will dramatically increase the quality of your buds. I personally do not start sampling my buds until theyve been curing for at least 4 weeks. Notice how none of the buds are touching each other in these pics (click for closeups). Lauren Dunec Hoang. Getting to the end of the 1st level cure is the most important part of the drying/curing process, and the remaining benefits of further curing are all gravyas far as Im concerned. If buds ever feel wet or moist when you open the jars, you need to leave the jars openfor 20 minutes to an hour (or until buds feel dry on the outside again) before closing jars again. Why Does Asparagus Make Your Urine Smell? Trimming buds while still on the stems can be time-consuming. When the grass is mechanically damaged, by a lawnmower or otherwise, it triggers enzymes in the grass to start breaking down fats and phospholipids that are present. Annual Review of Plant Biology. Once you hit 2+ months of curing, buds will begin losing some of their color. Some tastes and smell 'notes' are particularly susceptible to the effect of . [Checklist] Get Prepared to Start Growing Indoors. Turkey bag it. It's no surprise that your toilet brush may be harboring some germs and odors. Several papers have noted that acetone, formaldehyde and methane, all chemicals that are released by cut grass, interact with sunlight and gases like ozone to produce potentially hazardous aerosols. Bermudagrass Guide: Types, Traits, and Care, How to Get Rid of Anthracnose in the Lawn, 11 Essential Lawn Care Tools for Homeowners, How to Prevent the Neighbors Dog from Pooping in Your Yard, Reasons to Consider a Home Security System. July 3, 2022 . However, mow the lawn in the morning and the air may smell of grass for hours. Freshly cut grass smells like the color green, and as some down here have described: hay, and warmer weather, like summertime and cow dung (which smells like cut grass that got eaten, digested and pood, or pooed?). (2014) Establishing the contribution of lawn mowing to atmospheric . d-nb.info. [Updated to add Rhode Island and Maryland]. Trim your buds to prevent harshness (leaves left on buds tend to be harsh). Air conditioner is a friend here. Different plants release a different concoction of such GLVs. This flex indicates that there's still moisture contained inside the stems, which is what you need for the curing process. 4. Theodour threshold for this compound (the amount of it that needs to be present in order for the human nose to be able to detect it) is a very low 0.25 parts per billion, which means there doesnt need to be a lot for its smell to be noticeable. Its a distinctive smell, impossible to call it anything other than the freshly cut grass aroma. Additionally,in plants, they are also released when insects damage the plant they may act as a signal of sorts to other plants, priming them to switch on defensive mechanisms, or release compounds that attract the predators of such pests. 3 How do you describe fresh cut grass smell? This will prevent mold while allowing the curing process to continue perfectly. When I say "improve" I mean that buds subjectively seem to get "stronger" or more potent. It does not store any personal data. According to the NHS and persistence of phantosmia can be a sign of Alzheimers, epilepsy, Parkinson's or a brain tumour. These fast-drying methods will ruin the taste and smell of your buds, and prevent them from ever being able to cure properly. Hyperhidrosis. Think of it like this, you have two stalks of celery one in a plastic bag the other in the open in your fridge. Specific GLVs act to help leafy plants recover and regrow after being stomped by cattle, stressed by drought, bacteria and pests, chomped by herbivores or clipped by humans with lawn mowers. And why do we like it so much? That cut grass smell you get is actually Ammonia, which is the byproduct of Chlorophyll decomposition. A turkey bag can be used before jarring, the bags have a gazillion tiny holes. Its crucialto open jars daily for at least the first 2-3 weeks of curing, and to continue to open jars regularly throughout the rest of the 1st level curing process. Birds are simply foraging for grubs, worms, and insects. (For the Biggest/Fastest Yields), Nebulas Guide to Cannabis Auto-Flowering Strains (2023). This sometimes is confused with the rotten-egg smell, but it's less "eggy" and more like the smell of an outhouse or a portable toilet. Trichomycosis. An easy and effective way to control the smell of dog poop in your yard is to apply a chemical treatment to the area, like Simple Green, NaturVet, Nature's Pure and other varieties. This substance is a signal to parasitic wasps. Or so it seems. But to the mangled grass producing that. The zesty, yet fruity scent of this detergent has also been referred to as "heavenly.". In a2010 study, plant ecologist Ian Baldwin, a founding director of the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology in Jena, Germany, found that we respond to the frequent availability of the fresh-cutgrasssmell in much the same way that Chinese folks who reside near tea plantations might savor the scent of an approaching tea harvest. Why do I keep smelling fresh cut grass? After about 6 months of curing, I haven't really noticed more improvement in potency. Buds should feel dry on the outside every time you close them in your jars. Sign up to FREE email alerts with news to brighten your day. With a properly equipped mulching mower there will be no grass clippings getting into the mulched planting beds. Mostly importantly, never dry buds in an oven, a dehydrator, or in the microwave. Get a small jar and fill it with baking soda. You need toopen your jars at least daily andmonitor your buds closely for the first few weeks, and this gives you a perfect chance to check on the moisture levels of your buds.
Lake Charles American Press Epaper,
Jekyll And Hyde Reputation Quotes,
Warlocks Mc Connecticut,
Kaixana Language Translator,
Articles W
