Then a single cardioid microphone is placed on axis, bisecting the figure-8 pattern. Albert Schweitzer (1875-1965) Julian Gotobed, 2004 Albert Schweitzer was born on 14th January 1875 at Kaysersberg in Upper Alsace, Germany, a region that is now part of France. During that year, his father, a Lutheran pastor, moved his wife and eldest son to All Rights Reserved. . He came to the Ogooue in 1913 when horses drew the buses of London and leprosy was considered Bach's "Well-Tempered Clavier" also drew Schweitzer's warmest praise. His cousin Anne-Marie Schweitzer Sartre was the mother of Jean-Paul Sartre. The laying down of the commandment to not kill and to not damage is one of the greatest events in the spiritual history of mankind. be cited than the fact--regarded locally as something of a miracle--of his own survival.". The Albert Schweitzer Page; Association Internationale Albert Schweitzer; Albert Schweitzer mzeum s archvum Gnsbach; Albert Schweitzer Fellowship; Readings on Reverence for Life; Bruderhof Peacemakers Guide profile on Albert Schweitzer; Page at the Nobel e-Museum Archivlva 2004. augusztus 15-i dtummal a Wayback Machine-ben The following year, 1906, (and despite pleas from his family to pursue his religious studies) a 31-year-old Albert began medical school. He returned to Africa alone in 1925, his wife and daughter, Rhena, who was born in 1919, remaining in Europe. https://www.pbs.org/newshour/health/dr-albert-schweitzer-a-renowned-medical-missionary-with-a-complicated-history. Attending the University of Strasbourg, he served as curate at St. Nicholas, gave Schweitzer inspired actor Hugh O'Brian when O'Brian visited in Africa. Inspired by medical missionary and Nobel Peace Prize winner Dr. Albert Schweitzer, an American couple, Dr. Larry and Mrs. Gwen Grant Mellon, founded HAS in 1956. and time, making him inwardly free, so that he is fitted to be, in his own world and in his own time, a simple channel of the power of Jesus.". They ranged from leprosy, dysentery, elephantiasis, sleeping sickness, malaria, yellow fever, to wounds incurred by encounters with wild animals and many common health problems to which the human body is subject. As a person, Schweitzer was a curious mixture. Schweitzer came to French Equatorial Africa as a tall, handsome, broadly powerful young man with a shock of rich, black hair, an enormous mustache and a look of piercing determination in his bold eyes. 9 Department of Cardiology and . Ethics themselves proceed from the need to respect the wish of other beings to exist as one does towards oneself. He is suffering from a heart ailment. They ranged from leprosy, dysentery, elephantiasis, sleeping sickness, malaria, yellow fever, to wounds incurred by encounters. [11] Schweitzer served his one-year compulsory military service in 1894. There he studied theology, philology, and the theory of music. Schweitzer continued to work tirelessly to promote a life-affirming society until his death in 1965, at the age of 90. Albert Schweitzer was born in Alsace-Lorraine in 1875. And so he proceeded to build a hospital appropriate to the needs of junior brothers with standards of hygiene reminiscent of medical practice in the days before the germ theory of disease came into being."[63]. Schweitzer died on 4 September 1965 at his beloved hospital in Lambarn, now in independent Gabon. Other selections are on Philips GBL 5509. disease (leprosy), dysentery, elephantiasis, sleeping sickness, malaria, yellow fever and animal wounds. at the drop of a cause. Schweitzer also studied piano under Isidor Philipp, head of the piano department at the Paris Conservatory. With theological insight, he interpreted the use of pictorial and symbolical representation in J. S. Bach's religious music. The doctor never entirely left the pursuit of music and became well known as a virtuoso on the keyboard and pipes, especially when he played the works of Bach. Albert Schweitzer 30. // Famous Nobel Peace Prize Emily Greene Balch Scholfield found a time of 11:06am (no source given) in "In aller Welt . In The Quest, Schweitzer criticised the liberal view put forward by liberal and romantic scholars during the first quest for the historical Jesus. Her father, Charles Schweitzer, was the older brother of Albert Schweitzer's father, Louis Thophile. The tourists got the point and he returned to his meal. ", "At this stage," Schweitzer said in 1963, "Africans have little need for advanced training. October 27, 2021 Ludwig Philipp Albert Schweitzer known as 'Alsatian polymath', was a theologian, humanitarian philosopher, and physician. These records did not satisfy him, the instrument being too harsh. Albert Schweitzer. The waiting room and dormitory were built, like native huts, of unhewn logs along a path leadingl to the boat landing. By mid-century it had become the commonest cause. One of his pupils was conductor and composer Hans Mnch. Heart disease was an uncommon cause of death in the US at the beginning of the 20th century. At the same time, he was a child of the 19th century, accepting Sir Donald Tovey dedicated his conjectural completion of Bach's The Art of Fugue to Schweitzer. Albert Schweitzer (1875-1965) On March 21, 1913, theologian, organist, philosopher, physician, and medical missionary in Africa Albert Schweitzer together with his wife Helene start their voyage to Africa, to establish a hospital in Equatorial Africa. In the Preface to Civilization and Ethics (1923) he argued that Western philosophy from Descartes to Kant had set out to explain the objective world expecting that humanity would be found to have a special meaning within it. The living conditions, too, were horrid with makeshift huts for shelter and medical care, hot, steamy tropical days, cold nights, and huge gusts of wind and rainfall. So far as we know, this is for the first time clearly expressed by Jainism. Albert Schweitzer was born on January 14, 1875, in Kaysersberg, near Strasbourg, Elsass-Lothringen, Germany (now in Alsace, France). Visitors who equated cleanliness, tidiness and medicine were horrified by the station, for every patient was encouraged to bring one or two members of his family to cook Also, he is famous for being a music scholar and an organist. He is the director of the Center for the History of Medicine and the George E. Wantz Distinguished Professor of the History of Medicine at the University of Michigan. the United States and lectured on Goethe at a conference in Aspen, Colo. Happiness is the key to success. There was a further period of work in 1935. Schweitzer's recordings of organ-music, and his innovative recording technique, are described below. Additionally, he argues that this view of a "union with the divinity, brought about by efficacious ceremonies, is found even in quite primitive religions". In 1955, he was made an honorary member of the Order of Merit (OM) by Queen Elizabeth II. "At the very moment when, at sunset, we were making our way through a herd of hippopotamuses, there flashed upon my mind, unforeseen and unsought, the phrase 'Reverence Schweitzer earnestly sought to live his philosophy, which for him was a creedal guide to action. And to those who obey Him, whether they be wise or simple, He will reveal Himself in the toils, the conflicts, the sufferings which they shall pass through in His fellowship, and as an ineffable mystery, they shall learn in their own experience Who He is. Albert was born in 1875 in Kaysersberg (Alsace-Lorraine), Germany, (now Haut-Rhin, France), only two months after Germany annexed that province from France, as a result of winning the Franco-Prussian war. Mosquitoes were not swatted, nor pests and insects doused with chemicals; they were left alone, and humans put up with them. [4][5] He spent his childhood in Gunsbach, also in Alsace, where his father, the local Lutheran-Evangelical pastor of the EPCAAL, taught him how to play music. Schweitzer cross-referenced the many New Testament verses declaring imminent fulfilment of the promise of the World's ending within the lifetime of Jesus's original followers. [39][failed verification] He wrote that in his view, in the Gospel of Mark, Jesus speaks of a "tribulation", with his "coming in the clouds with great power and glory" (St. Mark), and states that it will happen but it has not: "This generation shall not pass, till all these things be fulfilled" (St. Matthew, 24:34) or, "have taken place" (Luke 21:32). (Louis Albert Schweitzer, born Kaysersberg, 14 January 1875), death data in margin (4 September 1965, Lambarn), no time of birth recorded. Basketball, Argument, Life Is. 1 in E major; no. When Schweitzer was in residence at Lambarene, virtually nothing was done without consulting him. As he said at age 40, he "was not going to speak or talk any longer." [note 1]. Eddie Albert was showered with all the love and care anyone could hope for during his last days. In 1899, he astonished Widor by explaining figures and motifs in Bach's Chorale Preludes as painter-like tonal and rhythmic imagery illustrating themes from the words of the hymns on which they were based. The maladies the Schweitzers treated were both horrific and deadly. Schweitzer received many honorary degrees and recognition from a number of governments and learned societies. Date of death. Albert Schweitzer was born in a small town in France in 1875 and he passed away in Gabon, Africa in 1965 after a rich and illustrious career. [89] In contrast to this, historian David N. Stamos has written that Schweitzer was not a vegetarian in his personal life nor imposed it on his missionary hospital but he did help animals and was opposed to hunting. He now had salvarsan for treating syphilitic ulcers and framboesia. To the end, his one frustration was that he had not succeeded in convincing the world to abolish nuclear weapons. In the years that followed, the hospital grew by leaps and bounds, not only in terms of bricks and mortar but also in its delivery of comprehensive and modern health care. Philosopher and musician Dr. Albert Schweitzer, sitting at his desk in a London restaurant, around 1955. [61] Cameron did not make public what he had seen at the time: according to a BBC dramatisation, he made the unusual journalistic decision to withhold the story, and resisted the expressed wish of his employers to publish an expos. Alfalfa, the. His father and both grandfathers were pastors and organists. he had worked as an artisan in constructing many of its buildings; and, although the station was many times beset by adversities that would have discouraged a less dedicated man, it had grown at He was known especially for founding the Schweitzer Hospital, which provided unprecedented medical care for the natives of Lambarn in Gabon. Albert Schweitzer (1966). "[66] Schweitzer believed dignity and respect must be extended to blacks, while also sometimes characterizing them as children. Albert Schweitzer. By extreme application and hard work, he completed his studies successfully at the end of 1911. barred him from preaching at the station, but agreed to accept his medical skills. Hailed as an outstanding world figure, Schweitzer was. Yet, he has achieved more than seemed possible under adverse conditions. For seven years, from 1906 until he received his M.D. Once, for instance, he all but halted the station's work when he received a letter from a Norwegian child seeking a feather from Parsifal, his pet pelican. The history of the Albert Schweitzer Hospital (ASH) The first foundations of the ASH were laid in Andende, a district of Gabon's provincial capital of Lambarn, located on the right bank of the Ogoou opposite the current site of the ASH. In this time and the succeeding months His brother, Dr. Paul Schweitzer, 83, was not able to be with him. [28] Built especially for the tropics, it was delivered by river in a huge dug-out canoe to Lambarn, packed in a zinc-lined case. Three years after the end of World War II, in 1948, he returned for the first time to Europe and kept travelling back and forth (and once to the US) as long as he was able. Albert Schweitzer, OM (14 January 1875 - 4 September 1965) was a French-German theologian, organist, philosopher, and physician.He was born in the German province of Alsace-Lorraine and although that region had been reintegrated into the German Empire four years earlier, and remained a German province until 1918, he considered himself French and wrote mostly in French. He is the director of the Center for the History of Medicine and the George E. Wantz Distinguished Professor of the History of Medicine at the University of Michigan and the author ofThe Secret of Life: Rosalind Franklin, James Watson, Francis Crick and the Discovery of DNAs Double Helix (W.W. Norton, September 21). To me, Dr. Schweitzer is the one truly great individuals our modern times have produced. The hospital suffered from squalor and was without modern amenities, and Schweitzer had little contact with the local people. Albert Schweitzer suffered a stroke on 28 August 1965 and died from it on 4 September 1965 in Lambarn., at the age of 90. It's you, of yourself, of whom you must ask a lot. He locates Paul between the two extremes of primitive mysticism and developed mysticism. His pamphlet "The Art of Organ Building and Organ Playing in Germany and France" (1906,[25] republished with an appendix on the state of the organ-building industry in 1927) effectively launched the 20th-century Orgelbewegung, which turned away from romantic extremes and rediscovered baroque principlesalthough this sweeping reform movement in organ building eventually went further than Schweitzer had intended. Schweitzer's pedal piano was still in use at Lambarn in 1946. As Schweitzer recounted this climactic incident, he had been baffled in getting an answer to the question: Is it at all possible to find a real and permanent foundation in thought for a theory of the universe that shall be both ethical and affirmative But how are we of the post-colonial age to understand a man who was born in 1875 and saw the world very differently from the way we do? Success is not the key to happiness. And the Christianity of our states is blasphemed and made a mockery before those poor people. He died at 11:30 P.M. (6:30 P.M. New York time). Our culture divides people into two classes: civilized men, a title bestowed on the persons who do the classifying; and others, who have only the human form, who may perish or go to the dogs for all the 'civilized men' care. " Albert Schweitzer 31. He was a theologian, organist, musicologist, writer, humanitarian, philosopher, and physician. A complex man, to be sure, but his humanitarianism did affect the lives of many patients in desperate need of attention and, for the most part, he positively influenced the world in which he inhabited. In addition to injuries, he was often treating severe sandflea and crawcraw infections, yaws, tropical eating sores, heart disease, tropical dysentery, tropical malaria, sleeping sickness, leprosy, fevers, strangulated hernias, necrosis, abdominal tumours and chronic constipation and nicotine poisoning, while also attempting to deal with deliberate poisonings, fetishism and fear of cannibalism among the Mbahouin. Life and love are rooted in this same principle, in a personal spiritual relationship to the universe. For every person who committed an atrocity in Jesus' name, someone must step in to help in Jesus' name; for every person who robbed, someone must bring a replacement; for everyone who cursed, someone must bless. 3 in A minor. He had little but contempt for the nationalist movement, for his attitudes were firmly grounded in The two remaining volumes, on The World-View of Reverence for Life and a fourth on the Civilized State, were never completed. Even so, Schweitzer found many instances in world religions and philosophies in which the principle was denied, not least in the European Middle Ages, and in the Indian Brahminic philosophy. You must not expect anything from others. He and his wife are buried on the Hospital grounds in Lambarn. [16] From 1952 until his death he worked against nuclear tests and nuclear weapons with Albert Einstein, Otto Hahn and Bertrand Russell. It was said that he had scarcely ever talked with an adult African on adult terms. READ MORE: The story behind Alfred Nobels spirit of discovery. had a profound influence on contemporary religious thinking. too, failed, Schweitzer argued, hence the despairing cry, "My God, My God, why hast Thou forsaken Me? The peer-supporting lifelong network of "Schweitzer Fellows for Life" numbered over 2,000 members in 2008, and is growing by nearly 1,000 every four years. It was to this picture-book Franco-German village and its vineyards that Schweitzer was invariably to return between periods Schweitzer's view that "simple people need simple healing methods," however it might have outraged medical sophisticates, won for Lambarene a tremendous measure of native confidence. Pain is a more terrible lord of mankind than even death itself. Schweitzer considered his ethic of Reverence for Life, not his hospital, his most important legacy, saying that his Lambarn Hospital was just "my own improvisation on the theme of Reverence for Life. "It is good to maintain and further life; it is bad to damage and destroy life. Among the neonatal deaths, 27% occurred on the first day of life, and 80% occurred during the first 10 days of life. He had scratched it out from the jungle beginning in 1913; he had designed it; By 1920, his health recovering, he was giving organ recitals and doing other fund-raising work to repay borrowings and raise funds for returning to Gabon. However, human consciousness holds an awareness of, and sympathy for, the will of other beings to live. Instead, he conceives of sonship to God as "mediated and effected by means of the mystical union with Christ". There is always something to make you wonder in the shape of a tree, the trembling of a leaf. The main hospital room and the Edward Albert Heimberger (April 22, 1906 - May 26, 2005) was an American actor and activist. He will end by destroying the earth. We must make atonement for the still worse ones, which we do not read about in the papers, crimes that are shrouded in the silence of the jungle night Schweitzer was nonetheless still sometimes accused of being paternalistic in his attitude towards Africans. | Sdkurier Online", "Harrison & Harrison organ catalogue by name London", Dr. Albert Schweitzer: "My Address to the People" Commitment against Nuclear War, John D. Regester Collection on Albert Schweitzer, Newspaper clippings about Albert Schweitzer, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Albert_Schweitzer&oldid=1142059300. cit., Philips ABL 3134, issued September 1956. the neighboring village of Gunsbach amid the foothills of the Vosges. Hundreds flocked to hear him and to importune him. September 24, 1965 1965 T he death of Albert Schweitzer on September 4 brought down the curtain on one of the greatest of human dramas. This, If all this oppression and all this sin and shame are perpetrated under the eye of the German God, or the American God, or the British God, and if our states do not feel obliged first to lay aside their claim to be 'Christian'then the name of Jesus is blasphemed and made a mockery. Schweitzer also wrote the book, The Animal World of Albert Schweitzer, a collection of Schweitzer's writings about the application of ethics to the animal kingdom. [21] During its preparation Schweitzer became a friend of Cosima Wagner, then resident in Strasbourg, with whom he had many theological and musical conversations, exploring his view of Bach's descriptive music, and playing the major Chorale Preludes for her at the Temple Neuf. Schweitzer was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize of 1952,[79] accepting the prize with the speech, "The Problem of Peace". Learn more about Friends of the NewsHour. Once in Lambarn, he established a small hospital at a station set up by the Paris Missionary Society. Through concerts and other fund-raising, he was ready to equip a small hospital. Though we cannot perfect the endeavour we should strive for it: the will-to-live constantly renews itself, for it is both an evolutionary necessity and a spiritual phenomenon. Never say there is nothing beautiful in the world anymore. In line with the 20th century he sought to put religion on a rational footing and to accept the advances of science; Though he took theology at university, studying at the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Universitt in Strasbourg and at the Sorbonne in Paris before publishing his PhD thesis - on The Religious Philosophy of Kant - at the University of Tbingen in 1899, he first found acclaim as a scholar of music. Preventable medical mistakes are the third leading cause of death in the U.S after heart disease and cancer. 4 September 1965. Prelude in C major (Vol 4, 1); Prelude in D major (Vol 4, 3); Canzona in D minor (Vol 4, 10) (with Mendelssohn, Sonata in D minor op 65.6). chief force of the famous hospital at Lambarene, in Gabon, the former French Equatorial Africa. His 1931 autobiography, Out of My Life and Thought, describing much of his work in Africa, was an international best-selling book. By the 1950s, 3 unpaid physicians, 7 nurses and 13 volunteer aides staffed the Schweitzer Hospital. The increase in heart disease deaths from the early 20th century . Babies, even in the leper enclave, dropped toys into the dust of the unpaved streets and then popped them into their mouths. Hupp, upp. Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images, In 1905, he decided to take up a call from the Society of Evangelist Missions of Paris to become a physician and help them advance their cause and work. The family and close friends were prepared for the end. Even in his study of medicine, and through his clinical course, Schweitzer pursued the ideal of the philosopher-scientist. Altogether his early Columbia discs included 25 records of Bach and eight of Csar Franck. as his medical assistants grew less awesome of him. In 1896, at the age of 21, he pledged himself that he would give the following nine Later Dr. Trensz replaced Nessmann, and Martha Lauterberg and Hans Muggenstorm joined them. he started to write the two-volume "The Philosophy of Civilization," his masterwork in ethics that was published in 1923. In 1912, now armed with a medical degree, Schweitzer made a definite proposal to go as a physician to work at his own expense in the Paris Missionary Society's mission at Lambarn on the Ogoou river, in what is now Gabon, in Africa (then a French colony). While he was on his sickbed, his terminally ill son cared for him despite battling a diagnosis that claimed his life a year later. After briefly occupying a shed formerly used as a chicken hut, in late 1913 they built their first hospital of corrugated iron, with a consulting room and operating theatre and with a dispensary and sterilising room. Each of us has cause to think with deep gratitude of those who have lighted the flame within us. Ludwig Philipp Albert Schweitzer OM (German: [albt vats] (listen); 14 January 1875 4 September 1965) was an Alsatian polymath. In 19256, new hospital buildings were constructed, and also a ward for white patients, so that the site became like a village. " One person can and does make a difference. Dr. Howard Markel. One of them, Gerald McKnight, wrote in his book "Verdiot on Schweitzer": "The temptation for Schweitzer to see Lambarene as a place cut off from the world, in which he can preserve "its original forms and so reject any theory of treatment or life other than his Mankind had to choose to create the moral structures of civilization: the world-view must derive from the life-view, not vice versa. A scholar herself, she became a trained nurse in order to share her husband's life in Africa. In the following year he became provisional Principal of the Theological College of Saint Thomas, from which he had just graduated, and in 1903 his appointment was made permanent. Kentucky Vital Records Indexes at Ancestry (these require payment) Kentucky Death Certificates and Records, 1852-1965 (coverage before 1911 varies by county) includes digitized Kentucky death certificates from 1911-1965, plus earlier records for some counties ; Kentucky Death Index, 1911-2000 Lambarene was suffused with Reverence for Life to what some critics thought was an exaggerated degree. Now I knew that the world-view of ethical world-and- life-affirmation, together with its ideal of civilization, is founded in thought.". Thank you. During his return visits to his home village of Gunsbach, Schweitzer continued to make use of the family house, which after his death became an archive and museum to his life and work. At the same time he gave organ concerts, delivered lectures and wrote books about theology. In June of 1912, he married Helene Bresslau (the daughter of a professor of history at Strasbourg). newsletter for analysis you wont find anywhereelse. Albert Schweitzer. Footnote 126 Her devotion to Schweitzer's cause was manifested in a variety of ways and never in . It is religion. The "realistic" partaking in the mystery of Jesus is only possible within the solidarity of the Christian community.[44]. Schweitzer presents Bach as a religious mystic, as cosmic as the forces of nature. In 1905, Widor and Schweitzer were among the six musicians who founded the Paris Bach Society, a choir dedicated to performing J. S. Bach's music, for whose concerts Schweitzer took the organ part regularly until 1913. On departure for Lambarn in 1913, he was presented with a pedal piano, a piano with pedal attachments to operate like an organ pedal-keyboard. Jaroslav Pelikan, in his foreword to The Mysticism of Paul the Apostle, points out that: the relation between the two doctrines was quite the other way around: 'The doctrine of the redemption, which is mentally appropriated through faith, is only a fragment from the more comprehensive mystical redemption-doctrine, which Paul has broken off and polished to give him the particular refraction which he requires. In mid-December 1935 he began to record for Columbia Records on the organ of All Hallows, Barking-by-the-Tower, London.
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