One's caste traditionally determined the person's line of work, . Despite historical persecution, exclusion and cultural encroachment, the indigenous Dhimals still live in 97 Dhimal villages . [2][3] Hill-Kshetri, Kshetri, Chhetri, Pahadi Chhetri and Khas Kshetri are all used to denote this caste. Also, girls go through puberty rites and boys go through initiations known as "sacred thread ceremonies." Chhetri (Kshetri, Kshettri, Kshetry or Chhettri), (Nepali: pronounced [tsetri]; IAST: Ketr) historically called Kshettriya or Kshetriya or Khas are Nepali speakers of Khas community, some of whom trace their origin to migration from medieval India. Other data may have varying ages. Dalit Mahottari district during July-December, 2014. Chhetri and Newar (BCN) clearly suggests a need for empirical research (Das and Hatlebakk, 2010). [31] There are no quotas for the Khas community who fall under Bahun-Chhetri-thakuri hierarchy. Living in rural areas, Brahmans and Chhetri usually support Newar shopkeepers in their commercial activities. Despite the forceful integration by the state into the pan-Hindu social structure, the traditionally non-Hindu groups and tribes do not necessarily adhere to the customs and practices of the caste system. However, foreign missionaries found it difficult to evangelize because of the strict government laws and scrutiny of foreigners. It identifies people from a particular group, and it is a broader term which represents themfor example- Shrestha, Basnet, Luitel, Soni and so on. Only men are made as priests. On the tenth day of Dashain there is a ritual in which every Hindu devotee expresses his respect for the elderly in his family and receives from them in response a colorful tikka on his forehead as a sign of blessing. according to their caste. For now let's just take a look at the castes and their sub-castes (surnames) in hopes that someday, we will all be one single flower with many variants. However, NLSS data suggest that there is a marked difference in the poverty status between Brahmin and Chhetri. Karmacharyas and Joshis were all-together stripped off their Brahmin status by these new and arguably more well-read Brahmins, and assimilated them in the Kshatriya/Chathariya. Or Hamal and Chhatyal are one and the same.All of these surnames are very similar to the surnames of the present day Thakuri. 125 caste The Nepalese population is comprised by 125 caste and ethnic groups.. How many religion and caste are there in Nepal? Paper presented at National Dialogue Conference on ILO Convention 169 on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples, Kathmandu, 1920 January 2005. The term "gotra" refers to a lineage or clan, and Brahmins are traditionally divided into a number of gotras, each of which is associated with a particular Hindu ancestor. This greatly exceeds the Kshatriya portion in most regions with predominantly Hindu populations. Since the promulgation of the Muluki Ain (Legal Code) in 1854, the caste categorization in Nepal is taken as the primary organizing principle and the major determinant of social identity. February 7, 2022. [32] As per the explanation of legal provisions of Constitution of Nepal, Khas Arya comprises the Brahmin, Kshetri, Thakur and Sanyasi (Dashnami) communities. Dont Tell Your Nwaran Name, KEEP IT SECRET, 60 Flowers Names in Nepali; What Does it Symbolize, 43 Different Authentic Nepali Spices Name In English. Surnames like Shahi, Chand, Hamal, Sen, Sihan etc. Then the mans special relationship with his ideals is raised, a special place in this mandala also has three species of animals associated with man a cow, a dog and a crow. Contact: maya@lifeofus.net. Sage Atreya made significant accomplishments as a scholar in Ayurveda. The Newar population of Nepal was estimated to be about 1,250,000 in the early 21st century. 117. Kathmandu: Ministry of Population and Environment, HMG, Nepal. [7] Folk dance makes the dancers move his/her body as per his/her wish. It is she who takes care of children, home, preparing meals, as well as the mowing in the backyard garden and plant care. Gurung, H. (2005). In 2001 the CBS recorded only nine groups in the caste-origin Hill Hindu groups. "Nepal: Deadly caste-based attacks spur outcry over social discrimination | DW | 16.06.2020", "Birenda, 55, Ruler of Nepal's Hindu Kingdom". jim martin death couples massage class san diego beaver falls football gelal caste in nepal. 1. The mother tongue of these groups is Kumaoni, Nepali and its dialects like Baitadeli and Doteli. Ask God to bless worship and intercession by Christians from other countries who come to prayer-walk in Nepal. Their domestic and religious practices are also patterned after the higher Hindu castes of India. . Tools. Before making travel plans based on data presented here, please confirm with other sources to the extent possible. Thus, while it may be true that today's Chhetri of Nepal branched off from the Khas, what has happened is that the descendants of the original Khas remained distinct, remote and deprived like other janajati groups of the country. Paper presented at National Dialogue Conference on ILO Convention 169 on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples, Kathmandu, 1920 January 2005. The third term is moksha, signifying liberation from the suffering circle of birth and death. Historically, they practiced Hindu polytheism and shamanism. See here the total Nepali Thar haru. Even Khas/Parbatiyas who are today overwhelmingly consolidated into the four Varna structure, have been following Masto tradition since ancient times whereby Masta tutelary deities known as bange-masta, bahiramasta, thado-masta, bahra-masta, athahra-masta are invoked and worshipped. The Chhetris are often clustered together with Brahmans as members of the "high caste (BC)" or grouped with the Brahmans and Newars as the "Brahman/Chhetri/Newar (BCN) group" of "dominant" Hill communities. In 1963, a law (New Muluki Ain-1963) was passed making it illegal to discriminate against other castes led all castes to be equally treated by the law. Brahmin girls were traditionally married at the age of 11, and Chhetrich girls a few years later. Hindu houses are illuminated with a multitude of lamps both from the outside and inside and illuminate with light throughout the night. [16] The law also comprised Pryacitta (avoidance and removal of sin) and cra (the customary law of different castes and communities). In terms of earning/income generation, Newars have the highest per capita income of Rs. Some of the biggest ethnicities are the Brahmin-Chhetri, Magars and Newars. The mothers communities continue to suffer from caste-based were included in the study if . [21][22], The nobility of Gorkha were mainly from Chhetri families and they had a strong presence in civil administration affairs. enumerators interviewed 1072 adults from 14 districts of Nepal in March and April of . Danmeeshwarbhavashcha Kshatram Karma Swabhvajam. People Group Location: Omid. According to the story given in the holy book of Bhagavad-Gita, it was cows milk that saved little Krishna from starvation when he was separated from his mother. A small proportion of Muslims also live in the city. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Different surnames in Angiras gotra are Joshi, Shahi, Sedhai. - Few evangelicals, but many who identify as Christians. Nepal opened its borders in 1951. Apart from perceived susceptibility, the . The Nepalese have many racial, cultural, and linguistic similarities to the people of northern India. The Rautes have always referred to themselves as the Forest Thakuri. [1], As per the Public Service Commission of Nepal, Brahmins (33.3%) and Chhetris (20.01%) were two largest caste group to obtain governmental jobs in the fiscal year 201718, even though 45% governmental seats are reserved for women, Madhesis, lower caste and tribes, and other marginalized groups. It is believed that in the twelfth century, during the Islamic invasion in India, Brahmins Brahmans emigrated to the western hills of Nepal. Holmberg, David. Few Kshetri clans give male buffalo sacrifices on Maha Ashtami day. Historically, surnames evolved as a way to sort people into groups - by occupation, place of origin, clan affiliation, patronage, parentage, adoption, and even physical characteristics (like red hair). The Kunwar high rank officers escalated quickly between 1841 AD to 1854 AD. Houses are usually made of mud-brick with thatch or tin roofs. Patan Academy of Health Sciences. In front of the house and sometimes on the floor of the room inside the house wonderful colorful pictures are created with the help of colorful sand or dyed rice flour, colored beans and flower petals as an invitation to the holy deities to the house. Some of the different castes and the respective dresses worn by them are Bahun, Chhetri, Gutung, Limbu, Magar, Maithili, Newar, Raute, Rai, etc. In traditional and administrative professions, Chhetris were given favorable treatment by the royal government. . km, stretching 800 km from east to west and from 90 to 230 km north to south. It is a common belief that from Rishis who were the children of Brahma, eight gotras emerged. There was a popular folk legend that the Chinese failed the strategic attacks on 1792 AD due to the effect of religious war cry of Jai Bhawani. Friday, March 3 2023 . Chhetri people, traditional soldiers and administrators are considered as chettri community.Many chhetris are mixture of Khas and Magar people, that is the reasons why many Magar people and Chhetri people have similar Surnames 'Chathariya Shrha' are the descendants of Malla and Licchavi rulers, their nobles and courtier clans and are considered as Kshatriyas of Newar community. Another important festival is the Tihar festival Dipavali, a festival of lights lasting five days. The ethnic makeup of Nepal reflects the historical migratory patterns into the country from the North and South. Sometimes the paths meet together near a large tree that is used as a meeting place for the villagers, as well as a resting place for travelers. All Brahmini and Chhetri are Hindu and profess most basic Hindu beliefs. - Few evangelicals, but significant number who identify as Christians. It is of due importance in the Hindu culture, especially concerning marriage- the system forbids people from the same Gotra from getting married. They are considered the largest caste group in 21 districts of Nepal as per the 2001 Nepal census and 24 districts as per the 2011 Nepal census. Also Gandharva and Rakshas marriages are not allowed. It is important here who is older, whos younger. There are about 70 castes, Buddhist as well as Hindu, covering approximately the same spectrum as the caste system of India. He gained prominence as a scholar in different languages in the Indian subcontinent. They have been working in different fields. Please. Narayanhiti Palace Museum. Khas Chhetri: 16.6: 2: Hill Brahmin/Bahun: 12.18: 3: Magar: 7.12: 4: Tharu: 6.56: Why was caste system created in Nepal? [19], During the monarchy, Chhetris continued to dominate the ranks of the Nepalese government, Nepalese Army, Nepalese Police and administration. 691. The source of Brahmin and Chhetrich income living in villages is cattle breeding and field cultivation. So lets make our world a better place and treat each other as humans and peers rather than people of castes. People with Garga gotra have surnames as Lamichhane, Bhetwal, Chudal, Bhurtel, Acharya, Gajurel, Bastola, Rijal. [8] This restructuring was a result of over a millennia of newer Aryan immigrants from the plains since the time of the Lichchavis. Caste is broader term used to represent certain group of people like - poudel, basnet, neupane, khadka, shrestha etc. [33] But they are allowed reservation in federal parliament and provincial legislature. Classical dance, which happened in Nepal, is completely based on ancient culture and is founded for a . Arjal. As a result of occupational changes, increased education, their own efforts to emulate the upper castes and consolidation of political power, urban Dalits in the Terai have moved up in status. I argue . Forty-nine sub gotras originated from the eight main gotras. This stands true especially in this modern era where the distinction between them is getting blurred. [3][4] Chhetri was a caste of administrators, governor and military elites in the medieval Khas Kingdom and Gorkha Kingdom (later unified Kingdom of Nepal). When this happens people will know how to perform each and every ritual of Nepal, regardless of the Castes. In 1854, early in the period of Rana rule, a National Legal Code (Muluki Ain) was proclaimed that laid out detailed codes for inter-caste behavior and specified punishments for their infringement.[11]. The fear of Inter-Caste Marriage in Nepal 5 reasons why it makes sense and 5 reasons why it does not! [6] The bulk of prime ministers of Nepal before the democratization of Nepal belonged to this caste as a result of the old Gorkhali aristocracy. [1] In Nepal's hill districts the Chhetri population rises to 41% compared to 31% Brahmin and 27% other castes. While this is being said, we also have to acknowledge that this division of caste has created discrimination. Basistha surnames are Bhandari, Bhattarai, Suyal, Kharel, Gaire, Mudabhari, Raut, Thangsine, Pathak, Chalise, Gamnage. The legal recognition to caste and all the discriminatory laws made on the grounds of caste were ceased. Son of the rishi Atri, Bhardwaj is an honoured sage and among the Sapta Rishis. Chhetri. 46, No. [5]Kunwars claimed royalty and changed their surname to Rana (meaning: King) from Kunwar (meaning: Prince). Agastya or Agasti is one of the Sapta Rishis in Vedic texts. [2][3], Chhetri is considered a direct derivative of the Sanskrit word Kshatriya. Here's an article on gotra list with surnames in Nepal. Traditional caste barriers have been broken down as a result of such social mobility. Gangalal Shrestha (1919-1941), Freedom Fighter, Martyr. The major castes living in Pokhara are Brahmins, Chhetris, Gurungs, Magars and Dalits, mainly following Buddhist and Hindu religions. The Mahabharat is one of the two major Blue is the color of all-inclusiveness. There they encountered a Khas caste, people of a Brahmin-like culture, who in the caste order never found themselves lower, which is related to their orthodox system of principles. The caste system defines social classes by a number of hierarchical endogamous groups often termed jaat. The surnames which have Maudagalya gotra are Karki, Kuinkel, Upreti, Koirala, Simkhada, Timalsina. Their dominance is reflected in education, administration and economical activities of the nation. Marriage among Sagotri people remains unacceptable to date. Box 107 Kathmandu, Nepal Tel : + (977-1) 5523200 Fax : + (977-1) 5523991, 5523986 Website : www . The Nepalese also cultivate vegetable gardens to feed their families. In addition, there are many priests among the Brahmin who provide services to other families of their caste and the Chhetri caste, they also work in shrines and temples, and support large festivals. The population of Khas-Chhetris constitutes 17.6% but its participation is mere 14.7%. There are many different origins of . Mandabya was a great sage as per Hindu texts. The legacy of parents passes only to the son. _"There are 125 caste/ethnic groups reported in the census 2011. [16] His grandson Bhimsen Thapa became Mukhtiyar (Prime Minister) of Nepal. Christianity is looked at as the "foreigners" religion. Then many sacrificial rituals are performed, animal sacrifices are also made, people feast and visit their close and distant relatives. [14], The most prominent feature of Nepalese Chhetri society has been the ruling Shah dynasty (17682008)[note 1], the Rana Prime Ministers (18461953), Pande family, Thapa family, Basnyat family,. The Chhetri are considered the largest ethnic community in Nepal, comprising 16.6% of the population according to the 2011 census. Nepal is said to be a harmonious garden of 4 castes and 36 ethnicities. In Nepal, the Brahmin caste is traditionally considered to be one of the four main castes, along with Chhetri, Vaishya, and Sudra. Bratabandha Ceremony in Nepal What is it and How it Gunyo Cholo in Nepal Dress / Ceremony / Age, ()- Pachbhaiya (Maharashtra), ()- Patil (Maharashtra), () Bhandari (Thansinghe), ()- Bhandari (Suntakhane), ()- Rajopadhyaya (Suvedi), ()- Rajopadhyaya (Risala), ()- Rajopadhyaya (Rimal), () Rajopadhyay (Acharya), () Khoptari (Budhathoki), () Ghimire (Chitikhole), (/) Thapa (Bhandari/Bhandare), // Bharadwaj / Atri / Atreya, // Shandilya / Bharadwaja / Kaushik, // Bharadwaj/Atri/Atreya, // Kashyap/Gautam/Bhardwaj, / () Pokhrel/Pokharel (Dangali), (/) Bishta (Kharkhole/Ghyara), () Budhathoki (Shogari), () Budhathoki (Khaptari), () Bhandari (Thansinge), () Bhandari (Suntakhane), () Mahataro (Chhetriya), () Mahatara (Chhetriya), / () Chanyo/Chancho (Thakuri), / () Chan/Chand (Kama Unipyunani), ( ) Thakuri (Syangajali Khamdi), /( ) Thakunna/Thaguna (Sinha Thakuri), ( ) Bama (Rakse Thakuri), ( ) Bama (Chatyala Thakuri), ( ) Malla (Samala Thakuri), ( ) Malla (Parvate Thakuri), ( ) Malla (Doteli Thakuri), ( ) Malla (Achami Thakuri), / () Rana/Ranaji (Kunwar), ( ) Som Vanshi (Achhami Atrithakuri), ( ) Shah (Raskoti Thakuri), ( ) Shah (Meghali Thakuri), ( ) Shah (Kaskeli Khand), ( ) Shah (Kalyal Thakuri). Given below is a list of Gotra and Thari in Nepal: Courier/Cargo/Logistics Company in Kathmandu,Nepal, Best Ayurveda Hospitals/Clinics in Kathmandu,Nepal, Chauchau Recipes All You Need To Know About. Dhimal Caste. Answer (1 of 5): No surnames are pure Brahmins since they can easily get converted to other casts if they marry other than Brahmins as per Nepali culture or we might say as per Brahmins culture. In Nepal, two types of dances are occurred, namely classical and folk dances. The villages consist of loosely grouped homes surrounded by farm land. This in turn will make them easier to be preserved since a tradition or a ritual only truly dies when no one remembers it. Register [8][9] According to the 1854 Legal Code (Muluki Ain) of Nepal, Chhetris are the social group among the sacred thread bearers (Tagadhari) and twice-born people of the Hindu tradition. These values were seen as a potent instrument of Rana political repression. In the end, Kunwars betrayed Thapa groups by murdering the Thapa leader Mathabar Singh Thapa. Due to this people marry in their caste and avoid same gotra. Pray that God will encourage and strengthen the Nepalese who have converted to Christianity. The Kunwars were led by Ramkrishna Kunwar and Bista/Bisht were led by Gajabal Bista and Atibal Bista. Kshetri has hundreds of clans. Objects owned by the deceased are donated to the priest who led the ceremony. People from Vishwamitra/ Kaushika gotra use this word as a surname too. Many people are confused in the two caste "Baniya" and "Bania".Actually, "Baniya" are Chhetri from "Khas" group whereas "Bania" are people of Terai of"Baisha" group. Furthermore, many of us have little knowledge about the category of caste we fall into. [20], Participation of Khas-Brahmins in the civil service is 41.3% in spite of its population size of 12.2%. Gorkha-based aristocratic Chhetri families included the Pande dynasty, the Basnyat dynasty, the Kunwar family, and the Thapa dynasty, (Rana dynasty and other Kunwars). [28][29], Chhetris are largest caste group in 21 districts of Nepal as per 2001 Nepal census and 24 districts as per 2011 Nepal census. So, to make this matter convenient, here we have come up with the lists of castes and their respective sub-castes which will make you crystal clear about the castes-related facts. Sometimes she also decides to fight for a higher position herself. 1 (Feb., 1987), pp. The Nepalese have many racial, cultural, and linguistic similarities to the people of northern India. p. 40. Khas Chhetris were traditionally considered a division of the Khas people with Khas Brahmin (commonly called Khas Bahun). Population: Approx. Some of these names are shared among Bahuns and Thakuris, indicating a common Khas origin among these higher castes.Examples of occupation-derived surnames are Adhikari ("official"), Khadka ("sword-bearer") and Kunwar ("prince"). They speak Nepali, which is the country's official language. It comprises 126 types of castes and small types of ethnic groups. In simple terms, Gotra means the clan a person belongs to in Hindu society. That's approximately 4.3 percent of the total Indian . The caste system is still intact today but the rules are not as rigid as they were in the past. A displayed zero can mean true zero, a very small rounded number or sometimes unknown. However, everyday home puja is usually made by a woman. What Is your Surname? There are also a number of larger towns where the important temples or monasteries are located. Music, theater and fine arts have traditionally been the domain of other, usually lower, castes, and, with the exception of the educated residents of the cities, Brahmins and Chhetri are not interested in art. Madhusudan Subedi. History JethaBuda Jaya Baniya JethaBuda Jaya Baniyawas a great warrior who played . Among them, the district with the largest Chhetri population is Kathmandu district with 347,754 (i.e. Other geography / data: GMI. They also run all the marital rituals. Social composition of the Population: Caste/Ethnicity and Religion in Nepal", "Brahmins and Chhetris land most government jobs", "Khas Arya quota provision in civil services opposed", "Nepal-India Relations: Need for Urgent Paradigm Shift - Mainstream Weekly", "Next Door Nepal: The nationalist's hour", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chhetri&oldid=1121072498, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, "Related ethnic groups" needing confirmation, Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters, Articles containing Nepali (macrolanguage)-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 10 November 2022, at 10:16. People with the same Gotra are Sagotri in Hindu society. The highest caste was always Brahmins, holding positions of priests and teachers in the Hindu community. Joseph on June 17, 2022. Worship to these deities were necessary before wars. Kshetri commonly have warrior like deities as Bhadrakali, Kalika Bhawani and different forms of Goddess Kali as female deity and Rudra, Veerbhadra (ferocious forms of Shiva) as male deity. Nepalese villages consist of loosely grouped homes surrounded by farm land. Here is the most comprehensive list of Nepali surnames and titles of various ethnic groups of Nepal. Very few of the Nepalese in Nepal know Jesus. [19] Education is free and open to all castes. Of these, 99.9% spoke Nepali and 0.1% other languages as their first language. Jaari marriage i.e. The bottom portions of the houses are painted with red clay, and the top halves are whitewashed. We welcome. A priest from the boys family consults the girls family to establish a favorable date for the ceremony based on the lunar calendar. Between India & Tibet Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. Series of Aryan migration to Kathmandu led to increased population and formation of a complex urban and caste-based society. As the first line of our . He was the oldest Vedic Rishi and the teacher of the Hindu figure Ram. Most notable contradiction is the inclusion of previously non-Hindu tribes "Adivasi Janajati" groups, as well as non-Nepalis including Muslims and Europeans into the hierarchical fold. 48.61% of the total population speak the language as a mother tongue. Thapas were supported by Kunwars due to blood relations. Now knowing where you belong is not only important for the sake of your identity but also for the sake of preserving your cultural heritage as well. From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, https://books.google.com.np/books?id=gnJuAAAAMAAJ, https://books.google.com.np/books?id=CVLeCQAAQBAJ, " , ", https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kshetri&oldid=8422524, "Related ethnic groups" needing confirmation, Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters, Articles containing Nepali (macrolanguage)-language text, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. Some are even specific to one specific subcaste of the surname. [7] Kshetris are largest group in 20 districts in Nepal. Similarly, Chhetris composed of 38.1%, 54.3% and 55.3% of the senior officers in the year 2003, 2004 and 2007 respectively. They generally worship their clan deity (Kul Devta), friendly deity (Ishta Devta) and Khas Masto deities. Nowadays, however, the age of marriage to the late teenage period or even twenty-several years has been raised in both caste. [16] Swarup Singh Karki, a leading politician and military officer, belonged to Chhetri family. Dance is completed in Nepal with traditional, classical, and music. When we look back to history, caste divides people into social groups based on their wealth, occupation, rank and race. The term gotra refers to a lineage or clan, and Brahmins are traditionally divided into a number of gotras, each of which is associated with a particular Hindu ancestor. Acharya > Newar-Brahman > Rajopadhyaya Dashain and Tihar are primary festivals of Pahadi Hindu castes. Social exclusion and Maoist insurgency. The Nepali civil code Muluki Ain was commissioned by Jung Bahadur Rana after his European tour and enacted in 1854. Similarly, serious limitations and oversights of this code include the complete exclusion of the large middle-ranking Terai groups. Returning home formally is considered a woman, a member of the caste. . It is said that the great king of Nepal Prithibhi Narayan Shah(1723-75) went to Banaras, India and changed his Gotra from 'Bharadwaj' to 'Kasyap' to remain free from the sin of 'Gotra Hatya'(killing of own clan) during unification of Nepal.
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