These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Which sentence is capitalized correctly on a cloudless night? are not capitalized when they merely denote compass direction. Don't capitalize these words when they refer to the general location, geography or climate of a region. But when the term is used in a formal name, it's capitalized, as in "the Hudson River". The storm is heading east. Capitalize the first word of every sentence. Job seekers, Is Pepsi the owner of KFC? 2022 - 2023 Times Mojo - All Rights Reserved The seasons are not proper nouns and are therefore not normally capitalized. Do you like West Asia? However, I was recently advised by someone who I consider to be educated to capitalize "southern" in this context. Hi, Kelly. So, noun will be always first capital letter. However, if, like Northern Ireland and North Korea, the direction is part of the proper name, it should be capitalized. This suffix makes the direction an adjective, and when it describes a specific region, it should be capitalized. Most style guides recommend capitalizing "West Coast" when referring to the western seaboard of the U.S. hi, should i capitalize 'west' in 'west Africa' or 'north' in north Africa'? Some could argue the word "Southerner" in the sentence denotes someone who belongs to a specific region, and the letter "S" should therefore be capitalized. If states is being referred to in a general manner, such as There are two senators for each state, then the word states would remain lower case. hbspt.cta._relativeUrls=true;hbspt.cta.load(42679, '809ac5c4-ef90-4489-8311-03d2c90632ee', {"useNewLoader":"true","region":"na1"}); Topics: Hi, Chris. Do you know "what is the Western Hemisphere?" For example, The Associated Press Stylebook (AP style) recommends capitalization:2. The official USPS postal abbreviation is this format. If youre referring to a collection of proper nouns, such as the Southern States, this is the case. Home-buyers pay a 1.75% fee up . How do I connect these two faces together? only if it's a proper name. southern Atlanta; But capitalize compass points when part of a proper name. But southerner and northerner are capitalized when they refer to people on either side of the civil war in the United States: In domains such as ecology, physical geography, environmental geography, and zoogeography, regions are typically based on ecosystems, biomes, natural regions, drainage basins, soil types, mountain ranges, and other natural features. Posted by This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. However, when these words are actually part of the place name, they must be capitalized. Is Southern California capitalized AP style? For example: I live in The North. In some cases, like country and city names, this is clear. In most forms of writings, not capitalizing direction names when they could have been capitalized doesn't bother the readers much. During the Civil War, Northerners and Southerners battled in twenty-three states. Many scholars now study the global South. Note that exceptions based on specific regional, political, or historical contexts are inevitable and that an author's strong preference should usually be respected. In general, you should capitalize the names of countries and languages. Should southern be capitalized? Which Teeth Are Normally Considered Anodontia? Thus, we have rigid goldenrod but Missouri goldenrod, azure penstemon but Torrey's penstemon and California penstemon. Explanation: Because Pisces is a verb. In 1963, the state postal codes were formalized into two character abbreviations. Do You Capitalize the Word "Queen" in a Sentence? Did I miss the memo on this issue? Copyright 2022 - TheContentAuthority.com, Reindeer Vs. Moose: Main Differences, How To Tell Them Apart. editing, O needs to be capitalized since it is at the beginning of the sentence, I needs to be capital, Pisces is a specific constellation so it is a proper noun, and likewise North is proper noun. Each morning, the sun rises in the east . Capitalize such words as northern, southern, eastern, and western when they refer to the people in a region or to their political, social, or cultural activities. Also, if "region" is the first word in a sentence, it is capitalized. The FHA insures mortgages for buyers with low credit scores and down payments as low as 3.5%. Lowercase north, south, northeast, etc. It's the inconsistency or the abrupt switching between capitalized letters and lowercase letters is what that puts readers off. when they indicate compass direction, but capitalize when they indicate a region: the West Coast. These are not governed entities, but they are official designations. States should also be abbreviated when used as part of a short-form political affiliation. Knowing whether to capitalize directional adjectives can be challenging. When to capitalize North East south west? It's not a continent, nor is it a country. Hi, Victoria. You should always capitalize Westerner since it refers to a group of people who are proper nouns. As a compass direction, south and southern are not capitalized: Capitalize each term when it is used as a proper name or as part of a proper name, and if the region is widely known: The Civil War pitted the South against the North. You have entered an incorrect email address! When to Capitalize North, South, East and West. In other words, capitalize words such as Mother, Father, Grandmother, Grandfather, Son, Daughter, and Sis when they are used in place of the persons name. 'CMOS recognizes that common usage and context determine conventional approaches to capitalization in connection with the treatment of certain terms related to regions.' rev2023.3.3.43278. How to Export PDF Tables from Adobe Acrobat to Excel (PC & Mac), How to Insert Images into Shapes in Microsoft Word (PC & Mac), How to Align the Periods in Numbered Lists in Microsoft Word (PC & Mac), How to Password Protect Files in Microsoft Word, How to Password Protect PDFs in Adobe Acrobat (PC & Mac). I still don't see any "descriptivist argument", much less a strong one. On a cloudless night, I studied Pisces, a constellation in the North sky. So you would only capitalize federal when you use it in the name of a federal agency, an act, or some other proper noun. In headlines, the periods are omitted. Capitalize the traditional geographic regions in the United States: the Midwest, the North, the South, the West, and the combined regions (i.e., the Northeast, the Southeast, and the Southwest). The word 'southern' shouldn't be capitalized in a sentence unless it is a proper noun. MLA style followsThe Chicago Manual of Style (8.47) for geographic terms. Should southern be capitalized? The Chicago Manual of Style and the MLA Handbook, for instance, say to only capitalize Southern when referring to the American Civil War. When to capitalize North East South West? Capitalize the Southern California region? The correct answer is option C. In option A, the word Chemistry is only capitalized leaving the other proper noun in lower case. The direction word makes it a proper noun. If you have a question about whether a specific word should be capitalized that doesn't fit under one of these rules, try checking a dictionary to see if the word is capitalized there. ), Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. TimesMojo is a social question-and-answer website where you can get all the answers to your questions. You should read both Western and Eastern philosophy. It was first put into effect for large businesses, but it was gradually adopted as a standardized format by everyone. Besides the global continents, there are also atmospheric and hydrospheric regions that encompass the oceans, discrete climates, or environments above the water and landmasses of earth. Automatically capitalize your email subjects, essay, headline, and article titles. But the AP Stylebook says to always capitalize Southern when referring to the South in the United States, regardless of whether youre discussing the Civil War. any that aren't articles, conjunctions or prepositions) should be capitalised. Thus, here are 10 capitalization rules you should know for a well written write-up: According to most style guides, nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs are capitalized in titles of books, articles, and songs. Popular usage sets the rules for standard practice especially in the case of region names. The basic guidelines for using capital letters in English appear simple enough: Capitalize the first word in a sentence. Lowercase north, south, northeast, etc. In other words, when the word "region" is a part of a name or is being specific in its meaning, the word is capitalized. Best Book Writing Software and Book Writing Apps, Cursive Text Generator , Buscador de palabras y descifrador de palabras. When there is no proper name, lowercase "mountain", "gorge", "valley", "beach", and other geographical features. Southern belle (from French belle 'beautiful') is a colloquialism for a debutante in the planter class of the Antebellum South. He's one part content manager, one part writing ninja organizer, and two parts leader of top content creators. In your first paragraph after the caption you make a good comparison between Wild West and Southern California, but I'm still troubled by a couple of issues. My friend is a southerner. I is always capitalized, along with all its contractions. In general, you should capitalize the first word, all nouns, all verbs (even short ones, like is), all adjectives, and all proper nouns. In all cases, though, you should: Check your style guide (if applicable) for advice on specific terms. For example, "western Massachusetts", "northern New Jersey". The Starved Rock Lodge offers world-famous Midwestern hospitality in a scenic environment. However, if youre referring to a specific region, such as the east coast of the United States, keep the words lowercase. Opportunities exist on the east and west sides of the city. The seasons arent proper nouns, so theyre not usually capitalized. It also looks at when to capitalize those regions when they are used as adjectives and to describe U.S. geographic populations. Hi, Lynne. Western (and Northern) blots however, were not named after inventors but were given these names in honor of . Some could argue the word "Southerner" in the sentence denotes someone who belongs to a specific region, and the letter "S" should therefore be capitalized. The word god is generally not capitalized if it is used to refer to the generic idea of a deity, nor is it capitalized when it refers to multiple gods. Is Grandma a well-behaved woman? The United Kingdom, for instance, is a region that comprises four countries: Scotland, England, Northern Ireland, and Wales. The obvious examples of this are countries, states, cities, and other geographical areas: We study the history of Eastern Europe. When used to refer to direction and location, dont capitalize the names of directions like north, south, east, or west; however, when they appear in the names of places and regions, do capitalize these words. For example, Southern US is proper because it is a specific region. . If you are referring to a group of proper nouns such as the Southern States. However, if youre referring to a general location, such as the southern winds then southern should be lowercase. Chicago style is best for writers who want to adhere to traditional publishing standards and academic writers in non-scientific fields. Which sentence is capitalized correctly I learned that Thor? Explanation: Because, Pisces is a noun. In "the eastern portion of Colorado", however, "eastern" is written in small letters since it doesn't denote people or specific culture or practice. If you are referring to a group of proper nouns such as the Western States. However, if youre referring to a general location, such as the western winds then western should be lowercase. What is, In a front-wheel drive setup, theyre what transfers power to the wheels via the transmission or differential (in a rear-wheel drive setup). Each state has its own shortened name codes, which are used in written documents and mailing addresses. Yes, Southern is capitalized because it refers to the South (= the southern US). References to God (s) The word "god" should be capitalized if it is being used as a proper name of a monotheistic god, as in God in Christianity and Judaism. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); You can also upload a document to get an instant quote. State names had to be abbreviated to make room for the ZIP code. Use lower case for generic or plural references. Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. When words like northern, southern, eastern, or western precede a place name, they aren't usually capitalized because they only indicate a general location within a region. Lowercase to when it functions in an infinitive. The image of a Southern belle is often characterized by fashion elements such as a hoop skirt, a corset, pantalettes, a wide-brimmed straw hat, and gloves. Capitalize locations in a country if the proper noun is given in other words, the name of a region or city, such as the Congo, the Mississippi River, etc. Lowercase articles (a, an, the), coordinating conjunctions, and prepositions (regardless of length). Capitalization Do not capitalize federal, state, department, division, board, program, section, unit, etc., unless the word is part of a formal name. When we write the days of the week, we always use a capital letter. Can you drive with a broken front differential? @SvenYargs This is a very useful answer; I'm processing it. I live to the west of Detroit Michigan. The English language has grammar and usage rules by the boatload. Is state capitalized when referring to a specific state? In all cases, though, you should: And if you need help, our expert proofreaders are ready! For instance, the term "ecoregion" is used commonly in environmental geography, "bioregion" in biogeography, etc. Time arrow with "current position" evolving with overlay number. One reason partisans capitalize "White" or "Black" is to denote its importance in messages, even subliminally, magnified by lowercasing the "other." As always, we believe that labels can oversimplify, and that a specific description is better. When north, south, east, and west refer to generic directions (i.e., the points of the compass), they are not capitalized: The master bedroom is in the east wing of the mansion. It's a site that collects all the most frequently asked questions and answers, so you don't have to spend hours on searching anywhere else. My name is Erin. The obvious examples of this are countries, states, cities, and other geographical areas: We study the history of Eastern Europe. On a cloudless night, I studied Pisces, a constellation in the North sky. Are seasons capitalized or not? However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. If you are referring to a group of proper nouns such as the Southern States. However, if youre referring to a general location, such as the southern winds then southern should be lowercase. What is the purpose of this D-shaped ring at the base of the tongue on my hiking boots? are widely recognized as popular names and are thus capitalized. Another example, "Eastern" in the phrase "Eastern bankers" is capitalized since the word denotes a certain group of people. However, widely known designations are capitalized: the Upper East Side, Southern California. However, when the terms southerner and northerner refer to people on either side of the United States civil war, the civil war was fought between Southerners and Northerners. However, if you are referring to a general region, such as the east coast of the United States then you should keep the words lowercase. South Pacific. 3. Some common examples of when you should capitalize south include: down South the Deep South @EdwinAshworth I didn't notice any argument in his answer at all. However, some people also suggest capitalizing the names of: The uniting theme here is the idea of naming a well-known or well-defined region. To summarize the advice above, we suggest: However, capitalization may depend on the style guide youre using. I assume CMOS have done reasonable research before arguing against a rigid insistence on 'the principles sketched in [an earlier section of CMOS]' and have thought carefully before arguing against ignoring authors' strong preferences. the Southern States the Eastern Seaboard Northern Ireland the Western Hemisphere 2023 Caniry - All Rights Reserved For example: The words are also not capitalized if they only indicate locations or the climate or geography of a region. Of all the various names or terms, direction names could be the trickiest to handle. Of course, as with other nouns, they should be capitalized at the beginning of sentences and in titles. If you are referring to a group of proper nouns such as " the Southern States ." However, if instead you reference a general location, such as "the southern winds," then the word southern should be lowercase. If you are merely referring to a . However, when these words are actually part of the place name, they must be capitalized. Do not capitalize these words when they merely indicate general location or refer to the geography or climate of the region. It was put into effect at first for big businesses, but was then gradually adopted by everyone as a standardized format. 1. The first letter of someone's first, middle, and last name is always capitalized, as in John William Smith . Do you capitalize the word state when referring to a state? What about capitalizing a Southerner or a Southerner? If you are merely referring to a direction, such as "go north on I-90," then you should keep north lowercase. 5 Should states and territories be Capitalised? This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. If youre referring to a specific location, such as the southern winds, southern should be lowercase. Capitalization Unless the word is part of a formal name, do not capitalize federal, state, department, division, board, program, section, unit, or other similar words. For example, you would write "the Southern United States," but "the southern way of . We always use a capital letter when we write the days of the week. The street is named Bolton Avenue. when they indicate compass direction, but capitalize when they indicate a region: the West Coast. Did any DOS compatibility layers exist for any UNIX-like systems before DOS started to become outmoded? Thor and Norway are capitalized because they are proper nouns. West is directly opposite east. Some authorities also capitalize titles if they immediately follow the name without the word "the.". More answers below It only loosely defines a region of California and its border is not officially defined either. Do you capitalize Pacific Northwest? (Most uses will be uppercase.) But it would be unusual to do this for a less well-known location, such as south Coventry.. Unless you are referring to the Four Seasons, there is no reason for seasons to . Otherwise, the word should be lowercased, as in "the god of war.". EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Limited Or Anthology Series, EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Lead Actress In A Comedy Series, EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Supporting Actor In A Comedy Series, EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Lead Actress In A Limited Or Anthology Series Or Movie, EMMY NOMINATIONS 2022: Outstanding Lead Actor In A Limited Or Anthology Series Or Movie. How should "Northern Europe" be capitalized? Lowercase north, south, northeast, northern, and other lowercase letters are used when indicating compass direction. The word should only be capitalized if it appears in the body's name. She moved from the East Coast to the West Coast. However, it is accepted that these are capitalized when discussing the American Civil War, for example, and, as mentioned in this article in the final Summary section, some style guides prefer north and south to always be capitalized when referring generally to these areas of the United States. South-Eastern Albania? Should compass directions (i.e., north, south, east, and west) ever be capitalized? That's when even the most exhaustive style . Here Carlotta is the name hence it needs to be in capital and I, Halloween should be capitalized. The state abbreviations are always in the same format: two letter abbreviations where both letters are uppercase and no periods or spaces between each letter. But the AP Stylebook says to always capitalize Southern when referring to the South in the United States, regardless of whether youre discussing the Civil War. Likewise, capitalize terms such as "Native American," "Hispanic," and so on. The example you give is a generic direction used as an adjective (like the "east wing of the mansion" example in the post), so no capitalization is required. South-East Albania? CMOS looks at what a large relevant tranche of people do; this ultimately defines what is acceptable. Meaning of Western world and alternative terms, Specifying geography with cardinal directions, We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup, Meaning of " Western world" and alternative terms. The Associated Press Stylebook (AP style) suggests capitalizing terms like Midwesterner, Northerner, Southerner, and Westerner:5. The obvious examples of this are countries, states, cities, and other geographical areas: Subscribe to our newsletter and get writing tips from our editors straight to your inbox. You should only capitalize directions, such as north, south, east, and west, when you are referring to the direction as a proper noun, such as in the South or up North. If you are merely referring to a direction, such as go south on I-90, then you should keep the direction lowercase. 1 Is south capitalized when referring to Southern states? Human settlements and their impact on the physical geography, and, The communication between the environment and humanity, The precipitation is the maximum in the interior, Cattle-breeding techniques or practices could vary across, Urundi and Ruanda are fertile, healthy, high-lying, and thickly populated, This text isn't a law but an abstract of the several special usages obtained in those, She passed the Lake Amadeus and the Reynolds range in that direction but had to turn, Many scholars are now studying the global. Lowercase north, south, northeast, etc. Here are a few sentences with the word "region" in them: If part of a title or headline, the word "region" can be capitalized to conform to title capitalization rules. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". In case it's not obvious, I have a bachelor's in writing. But when the words are used in specific contexts, denote people belonging to a particular region, or refer to their social, political, or cultural activities, they are capitalized. However, to, not a dash, should be used when from introduces a range of dates (from 2012 to 2013, not from 2012-13). When did they standardize state abbreviations? Capitalize such words as northern, southern, eastern, and western when they refer to the people in a region or to their political, social, or cultural activities. Is South capitalized when talking about the Civil War? Drive south for five miles. down South. Whether youre writing an essay, email, or cover letter, youll likely use parentheses. When words like northern, southern, eastern, and western precede a place name, they are not ordinarily capitalized, because they merely indicate general location within a region.
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