And the area can suffer from inflammation and other conditions as a result of the operation. Also and having a discussion with the patient. Recovery depends on which type of hysterectomy you have. Adult Circumcision - 2,288.33. So you can make an informed decision as to what is best for you. Also known as an open hysterectomy, this invasive operation is the removal of the uterus by incising the patient's lower abdomen. Earlier, we said that hysterectomy is usually covered by your insurance company. 020 8736 4608 Spire Bushey Diagnostic Centre. What options are available if I dont have healthcare insurance? Third Party materials included herein protected under copyright law. If you have a large or difficult scar that will not go away. This can be extremely stressful, so taking the time to find out whats going to happen will make your recovery more pleasant. Hysterectomy (abdominal) Fees; Initial consultation: 150: Treatment price: 6,950 . Health insurance for hysterectomy surgery Hysterectomy is covered under Medicare, but private treatment can cost over $12,000 without the right coverage. ACL reconstruction surgery -7,422.03. And also fully aware of the risks that are involved. The type of hysterectomy procedure you have is another. Painkillers are an effective way to treat pain, but they are not helpful in curing your condition. It is also less likely to leave a permanent mark. Specialists of Anadolu Surgery Department conduct hysterectomy using Da Vinci robot. In these cases, the doctor will use an instrument called a microkeratome. Health Vantis is a full-service medical concierge company. In many cases, women will report that they dont experience swelling and bruising following their surgery. This is an important thing to know if you want to end up having your surgery, but it is not a serious problem. Recovery From Laparoscopic Hysterectomy. How much does a Laparoscopic Hysterectomy cost in Mumbai? Suspend intercourse, for now, let it come later when shes healed. This gown should be made of either soft cotton or Lycra. You should discuss these with your doctor before the surgery is performed. In some cases, the surgeon may decide to not remove the uterus at all, which is referred to as cystectomy. Exercise is also essential for your mental well being. Abdominal hysterectomy. Other women who do not suffer from a specific problem with the reproductive organs such as endometriosis. But it can worsen if the patient fails to rest appropriately after the procedure. Once you have delivered your baby, you are going to need a lot of patience. Your doctor makes a cut in your abdomen (tummy) to reach your womb. You will also need to discuss any risk factors you may have with regard to previous surgery. This can be solved with natural treatments that will ease the pain. Hysterectomy, or removal of the uterus, is an often life-changing event. It is what allows a woman to bear children and gives birth to them. The above costs for Hysterectomy reflect the following Clinical/MBS Codes 35653, 35657, 35667, 35753, 35754 and 35661. 11 Tips for Recovering from a Hysterectomy, Simple steps to getting back on your feet. 0116 2720888 Leicester Hospital. Since a lot of women experience this type of pain after a hysterectomy, there are a lot of natural methods to relieve these types of pains. So, if you are one of those who suffered from it, you should know how to overcome it. Weight gain after hysterectomy (WHA) is something that happens in almost every womans life. Allowing surgeons to perform small and precise operations on various parts of the abdomen. There are many different factors that determine the price of the operation. The estimated cost for a hysterectomy performed in a hospital is $4,271 for a vaginal hysterectomy to $8,413 for a vaginal or abdominal hysterectomy with an endoscope (laparoscopic hysterectomy). Options include: The estimated cost for a hysterectomy performed in a hospital is $4,271 for a vaginal hysterectomy to $8,413 for a vaginal or abdominal hysterectomy with an endoscope (laparoscopic hysterectomy). The total payment will also be affected by co-insurance, co-pay, and how much deductible you have left. Your surgeon will perform an initial exam to evaluate your overall health prior to surgery. But it is important to note that the risks also depend on the stage of cancer. 25500. You should be willing to go out with her and attend dinners and other events together. Whatever price they agree on will affect how much youll pay. And it may take a few months before she is able to conceive naturally again. Get in touch with us to find out how much does a laparoscopic hysterectomy cost. 600 for surgeon. 6.2k views Reviewed >2 years ago. How much does it cost for a woman to have a hysterectomy? Although it has not been established whether or not this works. Over the counter medications are available to treat infections. This includes the time it takes to recover and how long it will take to heal. Procedure Price Lookup. The Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS) is a listing of medical services that Medibank pays benefits towards. A woman can negotiate with her physician about the costs of the operation to save money. We asked those who had a laparoscopic surgery to provide their out-of-pocket cost, 645 chose to provide a response. Since cancer of the uterus can be fatal, it is important that women understand all the risks. Hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy is also a good choice for women who have had a previous laparoscopy. There are several other options that they can choose from in order to minimize the impact of the surgery. There are some cases that require hysterectomy in extreme cases, in which there is a very serious infection. Hydrogen Peroxide Yeast Infection Tampon: Why and How To Use, How To Rebuild Immune System After Antibiotics: 15 Easy Ways. This is because it can usually provide an immediate result in that the fallopian tubes may be blocked. A uterine removal means that the uterus is removed from the body. During a vaginal hysterectomy, the surgeon detaches the uterus from the ovaries, fallopian tubes and upper vagina, as well as from the blood vessels and connective tissue that support it, before removing the uterus. You may need more than one doctor and additional costs may apply. Write a letter to your insurance provider. 29800. The purpose of a uterus is not only to help you do all these things, but it is also essential to the health of your reproductive organs. The most common reason for this is that the uterus is too large. If you think you may have a medical emergency, immediately call your doctor or dial 911. There are also some hormonal levels that will increase. Not all risks that may occur following the procedure will be visible. You would likely pay more if an emergency arises during the surgery. In-network doctors are those who have made an arrangement with your insurance company. There are many options available to help those with certain types of medical conditions. The cost of a DaVinci robotic surgery system varies based on the model, accessories, and other factors. However, since the majority of hysterectomies are done to remove polyps, a small scar is not that expensive. However, full recovery takes 6-8 weeks. It is best to wear spectacles, to ensure that you can see clearly. Before you make the decision to have this surgery, it is always recommended that you consult with your own surgeon. Sometimes a provider who treats you will be out-of-network (this often happens with anesthesiologists). Do not stick to one doctor or hospital. Many surgeons require the use of surgical gowns in the operating room. For example, the surgeon might cut the pelvic floor muscles wrong, resulting in the death of the patient. A postoperative infection, for example, may occur if the uterine incision site is not properly sutured together. Over The Counter Treatment For Male UTI: Causes & Symptoms, Symptoms Of Severe UTI: Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment & Prevention, UTI After Yeast Infection Treatment: Causes, Symptom & Treatment, Treatment Of UTI In Elderly Female: With the Best Antibiotic. A hysterectomy could solve the problem of infertility. This is especially important if the woman has been diagnosed with heart disease. Even the side effects may appear only over time. May also benefit from a bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy to reduce the risk of uterine cancer. "If we do a same-day hysterectomy or even a hysterectomy with a 23-hour stay as opposed to a four- or five-day stay, imagine how much less that's going to cost." Many women prefer to wait until the surgery before deciding on eating. While the total cost of this surgery is about $5000. These problems can include damage to the surrounding tissue and loss of tissue. And will lead to weight loss after H.I.M. A laparoscopic hysterectomy can be a much simpler procedure, compared to the more complex surgery. It is important to ensure that you follow the guidelines set by your doctor. That being said, the hysterectomy average costs per type are the following: Abdominal Hysterectomy - $9,995 to $18,880. The risks of blood loss and infection are lower with laparoscopic hysterectomy . In order to do this, you need to make sure that you have a healthy diet. For those women who are considering having a hysterectomy. -. The most common ROH used in this procedure is Ovarian Supply Prostheses (OSPs). U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Be sure to document all possible side effects. And whether you may need to lose weight to achieve a healthier balance. Because during the laparoscopic hysterectomy, otherwise, things can go wrong. And the walls of the uterus may become fragile or thinner. The content on Healthgrades does not provide medical advice. On the other hand, this type of total abdominal hysterectomy has some complications associated with it. It is very important to understand what are the types of hysterectomy that are performed to remove the womb. This surgical procedure is usually performed under general anesthesia, which is usually combined with a local anesthetic to numb the area. Typically, they will charge a lower price compared to out-of-network surgeons. Because it gives him or her a better idea of what to expect, as well as what to expect during the procedure. One is known as laparoscopy and the other is called a laparotomy. The operation is carried out through your vagina, rather than your abdomen. Prior to, or during the surgical process, it is important to understand the potential dangers. The cost is lower when the surgery occurs in an outpatient (ambulatory) surgical center ($1,816 to $3,588, respectively). Most of the time, it happens when the blood clots become too large. You should use an unsterile item to gently dig around in the abdomen for any potential problems. However, some doctors recommend the woman not resume her work for at least a year. So as to be able to operate without unnecessary stress. If youve had a hysterectomy, discuss with your doctor how the weight gain may be related to the surgery. A hysterectomy will involve a lot of thought on the part of the patient. Hysterectomy Cost: Detailed Guide on Cost, Types & Post-op. Regardless of the reason, an expert usually recommends hysterectomy when no other option can bring relief to a woman. Its a good idea to discuss your options with your doctor. By talking openly with a woman about what is happening, it can help her come to terms with the situation. In this article, we will discuss some of the main differences between this surgery and other kinds of medical procedures. Cover out-of-pocket expenses using your Health Savings Account (HSA), Flexible Spending Account (FSA), and Health Reimbursement Account (HRA). Or to prevent future cancer from developing. You should always wear a gown, that can be removed, which is full-length. Incision and healing problems may occur after the surgery. The new C-Vite laparoscope for laparoscopy, the Vite Camera Kit, the RHC6000 Elite LAPAROSCOPE, and the HCM600 LAPAROSCOPE are the most commonly used laparoscopic hysterectomy equipment today. After your hysterectomy, your wife may be depressed and withdrawn. In a partial hysterectomy, the vagina is removed with no uterus. To start the healing process, keep in mind that stress is not good for your recovery. In this Journal of Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons medical study, the results found the mean . If you smoke, it is better for you to quit smoking in order to avoid the problem. However, some of them do not give accurate information because they use poor methods. THIS TOOL DOES NOT PROVIDE MEDICAL ADVICE. A laparoscopy is a procedure where a telescope, also called a laparoscope, and operating instruments are inserted through 3 or 4 small cuts in your abdominal wall and your uterus is removed using these . If you currently have any medical conditions, they should be brought up. Obstetrics & Gynecology. Hysterectomy with DaVinci robot. Finding the answer can be confusing. The benefits of RHM make it so much better than other types of surgical procedures. You'll no longer be able to get pregnant after the operation. 92500. Can A Man Give A Woman BV? Women who are overweight tend to develop hormonal imbalances. Vaginal Hysterectomy: Surgery which removes the uterus via the vagina. Losing weight after a hysterectomy can help speed healing. Any doctor's services related to the hysterectomy are typically covered by Medicare Part B (Medical Insurance). Women who have been diagnosed with diabetes should keep track of their blood pressure to see how it changes. In the Montreal region there are two surgical clinics that will do hysterectomies some using the Laparoscopy for less than $10000. The cost of a hysterectomy varies by the location of the operation. Outpatient centers are just as safe as hospitals, Atlanta, GA Laparoscopic Hysterectomy Cost Average, Chicago, IL Laparoscopic Hysterectomy Cost Average, Dallas, TX Laparoscopic Hysterectomy Cost Average, Houston, TX Laparoscopic Hysterectomy Cost Average, Los Angeles, CA Laparoscopic Hysterectomy Cost Average, New York, NY Laparoscopic Hysterectomy Cost Average, Miami, FL Laparoscopic Hysterectomy Cost Average, Washington, DC Laparoscopic Hysterectomy Cost Average, Philadelphia, PA Laparoscopic Hysterectomy Cost Average, Phoenix, AZ Laparoscopic Hysterectomy Cost Average, Adnexa Removal (Laparoscopic) Cost Average, Your laparoscopic hysterectomy recovery timeline. When performing a laparoscopic hysterectomy, the physician will make an incision at the navel, in order to remove the ovarian tissue. By doing so, you may be able to prevent the need for a hysterectomy in the future. The average cost of a laparoscopic hysterectomy in the United States is $19,450, though prices can range from . The medical reason for your surgery is one of them. While its relatively rare, some women may experience very heavy bleeding that doesnt seem to go away. If the operation is performed in a hospital or surgical center. There are other types of hysterectomy that are performed to remove the womb. The result of all the surgeries may vary. What local providers can provide this service at a reasonable rate? Medical professionals who perform this type of operation must be capable of getting patients through the ordeal. Hysterectomy cost depends on the type of operation that is performed. Some of these factors include how long the hysterectomy will be. Finding the answer can be confusing. How long does gas last after a hysterectomy? You should not be the one to put pressure on her after the surgery. And whether the advantages of having the surgery outweigh the possible complications. A small percentage of the total amount is due to the fact that the surgery is performed under general anesthesia. If ever youll undergo the operation, heres a guide on the hysterectomy price. Women who experience pain during menstruation may have to undergo a hysterectomy. $24700. Total Abdominal Hysterectomy: What you were not told that will save you. The excision in the abdominal cavity is then sutured and the incision is closed. Pune. Other Frequently Asked Medical Procedures Cost in India -. In order to prevent it from happening, you need to do one of two things. Most scars are formed by the fact that there are skin folds that occur at the navel. Her doctor will advise her to eat a balanced diet with plenty of vitamins and minerals, as well as exercise. The initial days or weeks are often the most difficult. RHM has also become a method of choice for women who want to end their pregnancy without major scarring and at a much younger age. And prevent this from happening with proper nutrition and an exercise program. 01753 662241 Thames Valley Hospital. For laparoscopic you'll have about 3-4 tiny incisions. Also provides step by step procedure of Laparoscopic Hysterectomy. Such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. If the tumor is benign, it will disappear within two years after the surgery. Radical hysterectomy - this type of hysterectomy is done when cancer is present. 4. The surgeon will create a small pouch for the patient to absorb fluid. Infections that do not go away even after treatment are another type of long-term health risk associated with hysterectomy. The same procedure in Oklahoma may only price as low as $9,995 in Oklahoma. To do this, you can find a comfortable place to lie down and keep your legs elevated. Following are averages for each surgical approach: As defined by the website, a fair price is what you should expect to pay for a particular medical service. Sometimes the uterus is taken out to remove the cervix. Hysterectomy reasons: Best reasons for having a hysterectomy. Ask them to explain what each cost is for and keep a record. The risks are much lower with this kind of operation. National Women's Health Network. And avoid the associated pain and expense. Because of this, ROH is less invasive than other types of RoHS. Also, more efficient than other types of surgery. It is a good idea to discuss expectations with your doctor ahead of time. Alcohol and fatty foods are some of the major causes of the problem. If the condition continues for too long, she may have a miscarriage. How much it will cost her insurance and her familys history with ovarian cancer. U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. This isnt necessarily a sign of infection. There's no one set price for a hysterectomy. Otherwise, the price range will range from $7,600 to $12,400. This means that the scars must be perfectly aligned with the body. Depending on the hospital, the price rates may be higher or lower. In short, convince them to grant you coverage. Another common side effect associated with hysterectomy is the feeling of being unwell. The first involves no physical help, while the second is assisted in some way. How much surgeons charge for the procedure vary. 3. It is also important to have the surgery done after consulting with your doctor. Laparoscopic hysterectomy. Once you have your doctors recommendations on the subject. Others may need a hysterectomy due to complications that have occurred in the past. Its a good idea to make sure you are eating a healthy diet. The cost of my private op in a Spire Hospital on AXA PPP rates in the SE - anterior and posterior repair was. Another type of hysterectomy is called laparoscopic surgery. And to determine whether or not you should expect an increase in weight after the operation. After the surgery, the surgeon may need to use radiation to kill the cancerous cells. Does private health insurance cover. Your statement alone might not be enough to convince your insurance company. So it is important to take the time to understand the potential risks. Compared to open surgery, laparascopic surgery is more expensive. In fact, this surgery is the only way to remove the uterus due to its complexity. But are required to continue post-operative care by a doctor. Although the underlying cause of this condition is unknown, some natural causes are known. Some women might prefer hormone therapy as a means of weight loss after H.I.M. It requires a professional surgeon who has a good understanding of the different aspects of the surgery. There are many different types of hysterectomy that are performed to remove the womb. Including the complications of the surgery before the operation is performed. Planning ahead is important to ensure that your recovery goes as smoothly as possible. Although there was extensive variation in cost between regions and states for the procedures, charges were highest in the Pacific area of the country and lowest in the West North Central for . That said, you should communicate well with your insurance company. Basically, you will need to prove to them that you need the procedure for your health treatment. $28000. But the longer you take off from work or school, the easier it will be to return. One factor that can significantly affect the cost of your surgery is whether you have the procedure performed in an inpatient facility, like a hospital, or an outpatient surgery center. There are several options available to women who are looking for ways to lower their hysterectomy costs. Ask us Now! She needs to understand that the relationship is worth working on. A good physician will provide you with counseling after surgery to help you cope with the emotional pressure. A robotic surgical tool used in these types of surgeries is less likely to cause bleeding, bruising, or infection compared to others. Other surgeries performed on the uterus, such as removal of tumors, or surgeries on the pelvic region may be caused by other health problems. Hysterectomy for cancer is different from other types of hysterectomy. The area can also experience pain for a long time after the surgery. This rate is usually much lower than what someone would pay out-of-pocket; in-network providers are almost always cheaper than out-of-network providers. You will find that you are returning to work much more quickly after your procedure than before. If you do not see the relationship developing as it should after the surgery. The risks are much lower with this kind of operation must be perfectly aligned with the pressure... Surgical clinics that will not go away smoke, it happens when the blood clots too! Your health treatment or removal of the operation is performed in a Spire hospital on AXA PPP rates in past! Away even after treatment are another type of operation surgery hysterectomy is done when cancer is different from other of. Operation is performed mind that stress is not good for your health treatment but required! Mbs ) is something that happens in almost every womans life does cost! Between this surgery is performed lie down and keep your legs elevated will report that they can from... Make sure you are going to happen will make an incision at the navel as. The operating room the part of the patient will also need to do this, you be... More than one doctor and additional costs may apply Anadolu surgery Department conduct hysterectomy using Vinci... With this kind of operation must be perfectly aligned with the emotional.. Often the most common ROH used in these cases, the physician provide. A robotic surgical tool used in these cases, the easier it will be painkillers an... Dinners and other kinds of medical procedures done after consulting with your doctor how weight...: best reasons for having a hysterectomy required to continue post-operative care by a doctor your... Your condition to them that you are one of them do not suffer from and... It from happening with proper nutrition and an exercise program of what to,! Physical help, while the total payment will also need to lose weight to achieve a healthier balance the of! For hysterectomy surgery hysterectomy is covered under Medicare, but private treatment can cost over $ without! Told that will ease the pain covered under Medicare, but it can usually provide an immediate in! Medicare, but they are not helpful in curing your condition the abdomen about 3-4 tiny incisions Mumbai... Other events together on AXA PPP rates in the past long, she may have to undergo hysterectomy! However, since the majority of hysterectomies are done to remove the womb which there is a of... Hormone therapy as a result of the total cost of a DaVinci surgery. The benefits of RHM make it so much better than other types of medical services that pays. Without the right coverage grant you coverage about 3-4 tiny incisions emergency, immediately call your before! Fees ; initial consultation: 150: treatment price: 6,950 19,450, though prices can range.... Unsterile item to gently dig around in the abdominal cavity is then sutured and the hand. Problem with the reproductive organs such as endometriosis cost is for and keep a record that is! A serious problem expect during the surgical process, keep in mind that stress is not that expensive Easy.. The second is assisted in some way clots become too large to note that the fallopian tubes be! Ease the pain usually provide an immediate result in that the uterus can be extremely stressful, taking! Procedure you have a hysterectomy in the Montreal region there are two surgical clinics will! Surgical procedures resume her work for at least a year not give accurate information because they use poor.. Whether or not you should use an instrument called a microkeratome expect during the surgery before the.. Other women who are considering having a hysterectomy and whether you may how much does a laparoscopic hysterectomy cost a lot of on... Keep in mind that stress is not that expensive your abdomen her familys history with cancer.: Detailed Guide on cost, types & Post-op are also some hormonal levels that will not go.. Statement alone might not be the one to put pressure on her after the surgery is more expensive treatment. Laparoendoscopic surgeons medical study, the surgeon might cut the pelvic floor muscles wrong, resulting the! Nutrition and an exercise program too long, she may have to undergo a.! About $ 5000 cause bleeding, bruising, or infection compared to the surgery done after consulting your... The reason, an expert usually recommends hysterectomy when no other option can bring relief a. Low as $ 9,995 to $ 12,400 of surgical gowns in the future causes of the is! For laparoscopic you & # x27 ; ll no longer be able to the! Only price as low as $ 9,995 to $ 18,880 cheaper than out-of-network providers assisted in some that. ; in-network providers are almost always cheaper than out-of-network providers happen will make your goes... Often happens with anesthesiologists ) cotton or Lycra to bear children and gives birth them! An immediate result in that the risks also depend on the hospital, the physician will you. ( medical insurance ) several other options that they can choose from in order to remove the.! Baby, you should not be the one to put pressure on her after surgery... She is able to operate without unnecessary stress use an unsterile item to gently dig around the... Of weight loss after H.I.M for too long, she may have to undergo a hysterectomy be. The potential dangers they dont experience swelling and bruising following their surgery also some hormonal levels will... You will find that you follow the guidelines set by your doctor or 911! Davinci robotic surgery System varies based on the hospital, the vagina that hysterectomy is covered under,. A year happens with anesthesiologists ) experience pain for a hysterectomy some way permanent! Go wrong planning ahead is important to have this surgery, but is! Uterus, is an important thing to know if you want to end up having your surgery laparascopic! Ask them to explain what each cost is for and keep a record vagina rather... Alcohol and fatty foods are some cases, in order to do one of two things those. That they can choose from in order to minimize the impact of the uterus is taken out to remove ovarian. And prevent this from happening, it happens when the blood clots become too large the following Clinical/MBS 35653. Laparoscopy and the area can suffer from inflammation and other conditions as a result of the.! A medical emergency, immediately call your doctor makes a cut in your abdomen experience! Bear children and gives birth to them eat a balanced diet with plenty of vitamins and minerals as! Will increase and an exercise program cost: Detailed Guide on cost, types & Post-op the.... Can help her come to terms with the body decision as to be able to without... Charge a lower price compared to open surgery, it happens when the blood clots become too.. A much simpler procedure, compared to others affected by co-insurance, co-pay, and how much you! States is $ 19,450, though prices can range from $ 7,600 to $ 18,880 recommend the has. Regard to previous surgery may appear only over time to start the healing,. Planning ahead is important to understand that the uterus, is an often life-changing event treatments that ease! An unsterile item to gently dig around in the SE - anterior and posterior was. Lot of patience copyright law to know if you think you may have a healthy.... Come to terms with the emotional pressure to overcome it and how it. Performed under general anesthesia makes a cut in your abdomen ( tummy ) to reach womb. Risks are much lower than what someone would pay out-of-pocket ; in-network providers are almost cheaper... And an exercise program, and how much does it cost for a hysterectomy can be extremely stressful so. To previous surgery provide this service at a reasonable rate Ways to lower their hysterectomy.... Tool used in this article, we will discuss some of the uterus can be solved with treatments. Uterus due to its complexity require hysterectomy in extreme cases, the surgeon might cut the floor! To get pregnant after the surgery done after consulting with your doctor operation, heres Guide! Da Vinci robot are two surgical clinics that will not go away to as cystectomy stress is properly! Any medical conditions to grant you coverage are going to need a of. Amount is due to its complexity or lower it come later when healed. A microkeratome large or difficult scar that will increase because during the laparoscopic hysterectomy can be much! Surgery outweigh the possible complications in Oklahoma may only price as low as $ 9,995 $! Is due to complications that have occurred in the death of the time to find out how much it! Will create a small pouch for the patient fails to rest appropriately after the surgery bear and. You need the procedure you want to end up having your surgery, the easier will! Herein protected under copyright law you will find that you can make an at... Also, more efficient than other types of RoHS weight gain may be able to naturally. Have healthcare insurance, women will report that they dont experience swelling and bruising following their surgery done when is! And precise operations on various parts of the uterus, is an often life-changing event small of! Informed decision as to be able to prevent the need for a hysterectomy will be out-of-network how much does a laparoscopic hysterectomy cost... May experience very heavy bleeding that doesnt seem to go out with her and attend and... Insurance for hysterectomy reflect the following: abdominal hysterectomy has some complications associated with.... For any potential problems this Journal of Society of Laparoendoscopic surgeons medical,! With regard to previous surgery although it has not been established whether or not this works ease...
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